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Metabarcoding analysis of the bacterial and fungal communities during the maturation of preparation 500, used in biodynamic agriculture, suggests a rational link between horn and manure

Author

Listed:
  • Marina Zanardo

    (University of Padua)

  • Matteo Giannattasio

    (Fundación Emys)

  • Gaurav Sablok

    (Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM))

  • Massimo Pindo

    (Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM))

  • Nicola Porta

    (Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM)
    European Forest Institute)

  • Michele Lorenzetti

    (Associazione Culturale Professione Biodinamica)

  • Carlo Noro

    (Associazione Culturale Professione Biodinamica)

  • Piergiorgio Stevanato

    (University of Padua)

  • Giuseppe Concheri

    (University of Padua)

  • Andrea Squartini

    (University of Padua)

Abstract

Horn manure (Preparation 500) is a product used in the practice of biodynamic agriculture. It is obtained by an underground fermentation of cow fecal material incubated in cow horns for several months. The product is used as spray treatment meant to increase soil fertility. In the present report, we analyzed the successional changes in bacterial and fungal communities throughout the process of horn manure maturation by high throughput sequencing of ribosomal 16S (bacterial) and ITS (fungal) gene markers. Marked shifts in the microbial community were seen involving a general decrease from a Firmicutes-dominated material to a product transiently enriched in Proteobacteria and later in Actinobacteria, mostly within the Nocardioidaceae family. In the fungal community evolution, the most abundant taxon in the starting fecal material resulted a member of the Onygenales order, known to specifically degrade keratin. Its abundance in the intestine is explained by the fact that keratin, which is also the structural component of hairs and horns, is found in all epithelial layers, including gut mucosae. This occurrence suggests a link of enzymatic/catabolic nature between manure and horn.

Suggested Citation

  • Marina Zanardo & Matteo Giannattasio & Gaurav Sablok & Massimo Pindo & Nicola Porta & Michele Lorenzetti & Carlo Noro & Piergiorgio Stevanato & Giuseppe Concheri & Andrea Squartini, 2024. "Metabarcoding analysis of the bacterial and fungal communities during the maturation of preparation 500, used in biodynamic agriculture, suggests a rational link between horn and manure," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(12), pages 29891-29909, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:26:y:2024:i:12:d:10.1007_s10668-023-03144-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03144-w
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