IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/endesu/v23y2021i4d10.1007_s10668-020-00795-x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The 5As: assessing access to animal-drawn conservation agriculture planting equipment by smallholder farmers

Author

Listed:
  • Raymond Mugandani

    (University of KwaZulu-Natal
    Midlands State University)

  • Paramu Mafongoya

    (University of KwaZulu-Natal)

Abstract

Conservation agriculture is a global response to rampant land degradation, soil nutrient mining, declining crop yields and climate change and variability in southern Africa. In Zimbabwe, digging of planting basins is the main archetype of conservation agriculture practiced by a majority of smallholder farmers. Yet, a majority of smallholder farmers have complained about the labour demand of this typology of conservation agriculture, particularly at planting. Access to animal-drawn CA planting machinery may reduce the labour burden of the technology. However, there is paucity of the literature addressing the non-socio-demographic determinants of access to animal-drawn CA planting equipment in Zimbabwe. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate access to animal-drawn CA planting equipment by smallholder farmers in Chivi, Murehwa and Mutoko districts located in different agro-ecological zones of Zimbabwe using the 5As framework of access: acceptability, accessibility, affordability, awareness and availability. Data were collected through a household questionnaire, which was triangulated with focus group discussions, key informant interviews and personal observations. The significant non-socio-economic access to animal-drawn CA planting machinery factors was: acceptability, accessibility, affordability and availability (mean scores of 1.32, 1.44, 1.90 and 1.36, respectively). We recommend the provision of monetary incentives to farmers practicing conservation agriculture. Such incentives have to be based on amount of carbon sequestered and should solely be used for the purchase of conservation agriculture equipment.

Suggested Citation

  • Raymond Mugandani & Paramu Mafongoya, 2021. "The 5As: assessing access to animal-drawn conservation agriculture planting equipment by smallholder farmers," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(4), pages 4881-4898, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1007_s10668-020-00795-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-020-00795-x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-020-00795-x
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s10668-020-00795-x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Diao, Xinshen & Silver, Jed & Takeshima, Hiroyuki, 2016. "Agricultural mechanization and agricultural transformation," IFPRI discussion papers 1527, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. Brian Sims & Sandra Corsi & Gualbert Gbehounou & Josef Kienzle & Makiko Taguchi & Theodor Friedrich, 2018. "Sustainable Weed Management for Conservation Agriculture: Options for Smallholder Farmers," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Kirui, Oliver K. & von Braun, Joachim, 2018. "Mechanization in African Agriculture: A Continental Overview on Patterns and Dynamics," Working Papers 273522, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    4. Ephraim Nkonya & Alisher Mirzabaev & Joachim von Braun (ed.), 2016. "Economics of Land Degradation and Improvement – A Global Assessment for Sustainable Development," Springer Books, Springer, number 978-3-319-19168-3, March.
    5. Tarisayi Pedzisa & Lovemore Rugube & Alex Winter-Nelson & Kathy Baylis & Kizito Mazvimavi, 2015. "The Intensity of adoption of Conservation agriculture by smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe," Agrekon, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 54(3), pages 1-22, September.
    6. Nyagumbo, Isaiah & Mkuhlani, Siyabusa & Mupangwa, Walter & Rodriguez, Daniel, 2017. "Planting date and yield benefits from conservation agriculture practices across Southern Africa," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 21-33.
    7. Lowder, Sarah K. & Skoet, Jakob & Raney, Terri, 2016. "The Number, Size, and Distribution of Farms, Smallholder Farms, and Family Farms Worldwide," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 16-29.
    8. Gollin, Douglas & Rogerson, Richard, 2014. "Productivity, transport costs and subsistence agriculture," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 38-48.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Raymond Mugandani & Liboster Mwadzingeni & Paramu Mafongoya, 2021. "Contribution of Conservation Agriculture to Soil Security," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-11, September.
    2. Petan Hamazakaza & Gillian Kabwe & Elias Kuntashula & Anthony Egeru & Robert Asiimwe, 2022. "Adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Intensification in Maize-Based Farming Systems of Katete District in Zambia," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Luis Bauluz & Yajna Govind & Filip Novokmet, 2020. "Global Land Inequality," PSE Working Papers halshs-03022318, HAL.
    4. Adamou, Pr. Rabani & Ibrahim, Boubacar & Bonkaney, Abdou Latif & Seyni, Abdoul Aziz & Idrissa, Mamoudou, 2021. "Niger - Land, climate, energy, agriculture and development: A study in the Sudano-Sahel Initiative for Regional Development, Jobs, and Food Security," Working Papers 308806, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    5. Imen Turki Abdelhedi & Sonia Zouari Zouari, 2020. "Agriculture and Food Security in North Africa: a Theoretical and Empirical Approach," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 11(1), pages 193-210, March.
    6. Bensch, Gunther & Gotz, Gunnar & Peters, Jörg, 2020. "Effects of rural electrification on employment: A comment on Dinkelman (2011)," Ruhr Economic Papers 840, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.
    7. Gottlieb, Charles & Grobovšek, Jan, 2019. "Communal land and agricultural productivity," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 135-152.
    8. Abdul Waheed & Chuang Li & Murad Muhammad & Mushtaq Ahmad & Khalid Ali Khan & Hamed A. Ghramh & Zhongwei Wang & Daoyuan Zhang, 2023. "Sustainable Potato Growth under Straw Mulching Practices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-16, July.
    9. Franz Hamann & Fernando Arias-Rodríguez & Jesus Bejarano & Margarita Gafaro & Juan C. Mendez-Vizcaino & Andrea Paola Poveda-Olarte, 2019. "Productividad total de los factores y eficiencia en el uso de los recursos productivos en Colombia," Revista ESPE - Ensayos Sobre Política Económica, Banco de la República, issue 89, pages 1-54, February.
    10. Livia Marchetti & Valentina Cattivelli & Claudia Cocozza & Fabio Salbitano & Marco Marchetti, 2020. "Beyond Sustainability in Food Systems: Perspectives from Agroecology and Social Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-24, September.
    11. Diane L. Haase & Karma Bouzza & Lucy Emerton & James B. Friday & Becca Lieberg & Arnulfo Aldrete & Anthony S. Davis, 2021. "The High Cost of the Low-Cost Polybag System: A Review of Nursery Seedling Production Systems," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, August.
    12. Azamat Azarov & Roy C. Sidle & Dietrich Darr & Vladimir Verner & Zbynek Polesny, 2024. "A Proposed Typology of Farming Systems for Assessing Sustainable Livelihood Development Pathways in the Tien Shan Mountains of Kyrgyzstan," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-18, January.
    13. Xiao Ke & Yuanke Yan, 2021. "Can proactive fiscal policy achieve the goal of “Beyond Keynesianism”?," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(2), pages 1078-1103, May.
    14. Noah Kaiser & Christina K. Barstow, 2022. "Rural Transportation Infrastructure in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Review of Impacts, Implications, and Interventions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-48, February.
    15. Agossadou, A.J. & Fiamohe, R. & Tossou, H. & Kinkpe, T., 2018. "Agribusiness opportunities for youth in Nigeria: Farmers perceptions and willingness to pay for mechanized harvesting equipment," 2018 Conference, July 28-August 2, 2018, Vancouver, British Columbia 277553, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    16. Wakjira Takala Dibaba & Dessalegn Geleta Ebsa, 2022. "Identifying Erosion Hot Spot Areas And Evaluation Of Best Management Practices In The Toba Watershed, Ethiopia," Water Conservation & Management (WCM), Zibeline International Publishing, vol. 6(1), pages 30-38, February.
    17. Hurley, Mason, 2016. "Re-examining Changes in Farm Size Distributions Worldwide Using a Modified Generalized Method of Moments Approach," Master's Theses and Plan B Papers 249287, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics.
    18. Yuewen Huo & Songlin Ye & Zhou Wu & Fusuo Zhang & Guohua Mi, 2022. "Barriers to the Development of Agricultural Mechanization in the North and Northeast China Plains: A Farmer Survey," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-14, February.
    19. Dang, Hai-Anh H & Carletto, Calogero, 2022. "Recall Bias Revisited: Measure Farm Labor Using Mixed-Mode Surveys and Multiple Imputation," IZA Discussion Papers 14997, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    20. Tilahun Amede & Aggie Asiimwe Konde & Jean Jacques Muhinda & George Bigirwa, 2023. "Sustainable Farming in Practice: Building Resilient and Profitable Smallholder Agricultural Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-16, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:23:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1007_s10668-020-00795-x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.