IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/endesu/v20y2018i1d10.1007_s10668-016-9892-6.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Sanitation situations in selected Southeast Asian countries and application of innovative technologies

Author

Listed:
  • Thammarat Koottatep

    (Asian Institute of Technology (AIT))

  • Saroj Kumar Chapagain

    (Asian Institute of Technology (AIT))

  • Chongrak Polprasert

    (Thammasat University)

  • Atitaya Panuvatvanich

    (Asian Institute of Technology (AIT))

  • Kyu-Hong Ahn

    (Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST))

Abstract

Sanitation coverages in selected Southeast Asian countries, namely Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, were increased from 1990 to 2015. The toilet coverage of 96, 100 and 99% was reported in Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, respectively. On contrary, incidences of waterborne disease and water pollution are still in existence. This situation is due mainly to poor design, performance and maintenance of the dominantly used on-site sanitation systems (OSS) such as septic tanks, cesspools. In addition, fecal sludge (FS), which has to be emptied from these OSS, is not properly managed. There are lacks in rules and regulation on FS management (FSM). Recent research conducted at the Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, involved the development of innovative OSS, namely solar septic tanks, Zyclone cube toilet and septic tank effluent treatment units. The operation of solar septic tanks with increased temperatures of 40–50 °C could inactive E. coli by 4–6 logs in the effluent. The solar septic tanks enhanced the microbial degradability with increased methane gas production and reducing fecal sludge accumulation by 50%. The Zyclone cube toilet separated the toilet wastewater into solid and liquid portions, which were treated by heating and electrochemical disinfection, respectively. The septic tank effluent was further treated by a unit consisting of granular activated carbon coated with nano-silver resulting in E. coli reduction of 5–6 logs. These technologies should be applied for OSS in Southeast Asian and other developing regions for environmental improvement and public health protection.

Suggested Citation

  • Thammarat Koottatep & Saroj Kumar Chapagain & Chongrak Polprasert & Atitaya Panuvatvanich & Kyu-Hong Ahn, 2018. "Sanitation situations in selected Southeast Asian countries and application of innovative technologies," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 495-506, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:20:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1007_s10668-016-9892-6
    DOI: 10.1007/s10668-016-9892-6
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10668-016-9892-6
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s10668-016-9892-6?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. World Bank, 2013. "East Asia and the Pacific Region Urban Sanitation Review : A Call for Action," World Bank Publications - Reports 17616, The World Bank Group.
    2. anonymous, 2007. "Economic impacts of sanitation in Southeast Asia : summary," Policy Research Working Paper Series 44121, The World Bank.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mohammad Rashid & Debapratim Pandit, 2021. "An assessment of service level of household toilet attributes based on the users’ satisfaction in rural Bihar, India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 7373-7392, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. World Bank, 2011. "Vietnam Urbanization Review : Technical Assistance Report," World Bank Publications - Reports 2826, The World Bank Group.
    2. Janina Catalao Dionisio Murta & Juliet Rebecca Mary Willetts & Wahyu Triwahyudi, 2018. "Sanitation entrepreneurship in rural Indonesia: a closer look," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 343-359, February.
    3. Winters, Matthew S. & Karim, Abdul Gaffar & Martawardaya, Berly, 2014. "Public Service Provision under Conditions of Insufficient Citizen Demand: Insights from the Urban Sanitation Sector in Indonesia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 31-42.
    4. Kumari, Anita & Kumar Sharma, Anil, 2017. "Infrastructure financing and development: A bibliometric review," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 16(C), pages 49-65.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:endesu:v:20:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1007_s10668-016-9892-6. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.