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Clashing interpretations of REDD+ “results” in the Amazon Fund

Author

Listed:
  • Richard van der Hoff

    (Radboud Universiteit
    Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais)

  • Raoni Rajão

    (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais)

  • Pieter Leroy

    (Radboud Universiteit)

Abstract

Results-based funding (RBF) is a governance concept that is rapidly becoming the mainstream paradigm for international collaborations in the environmental sector. While portrayed as a compromise solution between market-based mechanisms and unconditional donations, the implementation of RBF is revealing new conflicts and contradictions of its own. This paper explores the application of RBF for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) by describing the discursive conflicts between recipient (i.e., Brazil) and donor (i.e., Norway and Germany) countries of the Amazon Fund about what constitutes “results” or “performance.” Although all parties agree that the financial transfers to RBF should be based on past emission reductions in relation to a historical baseline, they hold clashing interpretations about temporal (i.e., past or future) and epistemological (i.e., how to measure) aspects of the results these payments are intended for. Firstly, while Brazil emphasizes that it deserves a reward of USD 21 billion for results achieved between 2006 and 2016, donor countries have indicated an interest in paying only for most recent results as a way to incentivize further reductions. Secondly, while all parties believe that Amazon Fund should support policies to reduce deforestation, donor countries have revealed concerns that the performance of the Amazon Fund projects in generating further reductions has not been measured in a rigorous manner. This suggests that donor countries may consider making changes to current RBF mechanisms or getting involved in new forms of finance.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard van der Hoff & Raoni Rajão & Pieter Leroy, 2018. "Clashing interpretations of REDD+ “results” in the Amazon Fund," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 150(3), pages 433-445, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:climat:v:150:y:2018:i:3:d:10.1007_s10584-018-2288-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s10584-018-2288-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rocío Hiraldo & Thomas Tanner, 2011. "Forest Voices: Competing Narratives over REDD+," IDS Bulletin, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 42(3), pages 42-51, May.
    2. Daniel Low-Beer & Houtan Afkhami & Ryuichi Komatsu & Prerna Banati & Musoke Sempala & Itamar Katz & John Cutler & Paul Schumacher & Ronald Tran-Ba-Huy & Bernhard Schwartländer, 2007. "Making Performance-Based Funding Work for Health," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(8), pages 1-4, August.
    3. Raoni Rajão & Andrea Azevedo & Marcelo C. C. Stabile, 2012. "Institutional Subversion And Deforestation: Learning Lessons From The System For The Environmental Licencing Of Rural Properties In Mato Grosso," Public Administration & Development, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 32(3), pages 229-244, August.
    4. Marigold Norman and Smita Nakhooda, 2014. "The State of REDD+ Finance - Working Paper 378," Working Papers 378, Center for Global Development.
    5. Arild Angelsen, 2017. "REDD+ as Result-based Aid: General Lessons and Bilateral Agreements of Norway," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(2), pages 237-264, May.
    6. van der Hoff, Richard & Rajão, Raoni & Leroy, Pieter & Boezeman, Daan, 2015. "The parallel materialization of REDD+ implementation discourses in Brazil," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 37-45.
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    1. van der Hoff, Richard & Rajão, Raoni & Leroy, Pieter, 2019. "Can REDD+ still become a market? Ruptured dependencies and market logics for emission reductions in Brazil," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 121-129.
    2. P. Gallo & E. Albrecht, 2019. "Brazil and the Paris Agreement: REDD+ as an instrument of Brazil’s Nationally Determined Contribution compliance," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 123-144, February.

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