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PM 2.5 co-benefits of climate change legislation part 2: California governor’s executive order S-3-05 applied to the transportation sector

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  • Michael Kleeman
  • Christina Zapata
  • John Stilley
  • Mark Hixson

Abstract

California Governor’s Executive Order (CGEO) S-3-05 requires that California greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions be reduced to 80 % below 1990 levels by the year 2050. Meeting this target will require drastic changes in transportation technology, fuel, and behavior which will reduce criteria pollutant emissions as well as GHG emissions. The improvement to local air quality caused by the reduced criteria pollutant emissions must be calculated to fully evaluate the overall benefits and costs of CGEO S-3-05. In the present study, seven different transportation scenarios that move towards the goals of CGEO S-3-05 in the transportation sector were examined to determine how they would affect future airborne particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) concentrations in California: (1) hydrogen fuel cells, (2) electric vehicles, (3) high efficiency vehicles, (4) public mass transit, (5) biofuels, (6) biofuels + hybrid electric vehicles, and (7) hydrogen fuel cells + electric vehicles. The air quality implications of each scenario were evaluated using a chemical transport model applied during a wintertime stagnation episode representing future climate in California. Scenarios (6) and (7) reduced population-weighted PM 2.5 mass concentrations by ~9 % and PM 2.5 elemental carbon (EC) concentrations by ~30 % relative to base-case predictions. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Kleeman & Christina Zapata & John Stilley & Mark Hixson, 2013. "PM 2.5 co-benefits of climate change legislation part 2: California governor’s executive order S-3-05 applied to the transportation sector," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 117(1), pages 399-414, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:climat:v:117:y:2013:i:1:p:399-414
    DOI: 10.1007/s10584-012-0546-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Delucchi, Mark, 2006. "Lifecycle Analyses of Biofuels," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt1pq0f84z, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    2. Hixson, Mark & Mahmud, Abdullah & Hu, Jianlin & Bai, Song & Niemeier, Debbie A. & Handy, Susan L & Gao, Shengyi & Lund, Jay R & Sullivan, Dana C & Kleeman, M J, 2010. "Influence of Regional Development Policies and Clean Technology Adoption on Future Air Pollution Exposure," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt64p3m31g, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    3. Millstein, Dev E. & Harley, Robert A, 2010. "Effects of Retrofitting Emission Control Systems on In-Use Heavy Diesel Vehicles," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt6k02k1fw, University of California Transportation Center.
    4. Yang, Christopher & McCollum, David L & McCarthy, Ryan & Leighty, Wayne, 2009. "Meeting an 80% Reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Transportation by 2050: A Case Study in California," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt2ns1q98f, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    5. Christina Zapata & Nicholas Muller & Michael Kleeman, 2013. "PM 2.5 co-benefits of climate change legislation part 1: California’s AB 32," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 117(1), pages 377-397, March.
    6. Anil Markandaya & Ben Armstrong & Simon Hales & Aline Chiabai & Patrick Criqui & Silvana Mima, 2009. "Impact on public health of strategies to reduce greenhouse gases : low carbon electricity generation," Post-Print halshs-00459664, HAL.
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    2. Qiang Zhang & Jun Shan & Hai Long, 2022. "Improving Transportation Technologies for Carbon Reduction in the Chinese Provinces along the Silk Road," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-22, April.

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