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Alkali-Activated Materials and Geopolymer: a Review of Common Precursors and Activators Addressing Circular Economy

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  • Mehrab Nodehi

    (Texas State University)

  • Vahid Mohamad Taghvaee

    (Tarbiat Modares University)

Abstract

Introduction The vast increase in CO2 and waste generation in recent decades has been a major obstacle to sustainable development and sustainability. In construction industry, the production of ordinary Portland cement is a major greenhouse gas emitter with almost 8% of total CO2 production in the world. To address this, Alkali-activated materials and geopolymer have more recently been introduced as a green and sustainable alternative of ordinary Portland cement with significantly lowered environmental footprints. Their use to replace Portland cement products generally leads to vast energy and virgin materials savings resulting in a sustainable concrete production. In doing so, it reuses the solid waste generated in industrial and manufacturing sectors, which is aligned with circular economy. In turn, it reduces the need for ordinary Portland cement consumption and its subsequent CO2 generation. Objective To provide further insight and address the challenges facing the substitution of ordinary Portland cement, this article reviews different types, mechanisms, and result of mechanical and durability properties of alkali-activated materials and geopolymer reported in literature. Finally, it discusses future projections of waste materials that have cementitious properties and can replace ordinary Portland cement and be used in alkali-activated materials and geopolymer. Graphical abstract

Suggested Citation

  • Mehrab Nodehi & Vahid Mohamad Taghvaee, 2022. "Alkali-Activated Materials and Geopolymer: a Review of Common Precursors and Activators Addressing Circular Economy," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 2(1), pages 165-196, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:circec:v:2:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1007_s43615-021-00029-w
    DOI: 10.1007/s43615-021-00029-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohamad Taghvaee, Vahid & Agheli, Lotfali & Assari Arani, Abbas & Nodehi, Mehrab & Khodaparast Shirazi, Jalil, 2019. "Environmental pollution and economic growth elasticities of maritime and air transportations in Iran," MPRA Paper 100101, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hammadhu HaitherAli & G Anjali, 2024. "Circular Economy in Construction Sector—a Guideline for Policy Makers from Global Perspective," Circular Economy and Sustainability, Springer, vol. 4(2), pages 1285-1313, June.
    2. Da Huang & Pengliang Sun & Pengfei Gao & Guangyan Liu & Yuanhao Wang & Xuandong Chen, 2021. "Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Alkali–Silica Reaction Expansion in Glass Concrete," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-10, September.

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