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Rewarding instead of charging road users: a model case study investigating effects on traffic conditions

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  • Bliemer, Michiel C.J.
  • van Amelsfort, Dirk H.

Abstract

Instead of giving a negative incentive such as transport pricing, a positive incentive by rewarding travelers for ‘good behavior’ may yield different responses. In a Dutch pilot project called Peak Avoidance (in Dutch: ‘SpitsMijden’), a few hundred travelers participated in an experiment in which they received 3 to 7 euros per day when they avoided traveling by car during the morning rush hours (7h30-9h30). Mainly departure time shifts were observed, together with moderate mode shifts. Due to the low number of participants in the experiment, no impact on traffic conditions could be expected. In order to assess the potential of such a rewarding scheme on traffic conditions, a dynamic traffic assignment model has been developed to forecast network wide effects in the long term by assuming higher participation levels. This paper describes the mathematical model. Furthermore, the Peak Avoidance project is taken as a case study and different rewarding strategies with varying participation levels and reward levels are analyzed. First results show that indeed overall traffic conditions can be improved by giving a reward, where low to moderate reward levels and participation levels of 50% or lower are sufficient for a significant improvement. Higher participation and reward levels seem to become increasingly counter-effective.

Suggested Citation

  • Bliemer, Michiel C.J. & van Amelsfort, Dirk H., 2010. "Rewarding instead of charging road users: a model case study investigating effects on traffic conditions," European Transport \ Trasporti Europei, ISTIEE, Institute for the Study of Transport within the European Economic Integration, issue 44, pages 23-40.
    • Handle: RePEc:sot:journl:y:2010:i:44:p:23-40
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10077/6151
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Erik Verhoef & Michiel C.J. Bliemer & Linda Steg & Bert van Wee (ed.), 2008. "Pricing in Road Transport," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 4192.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Wang, Guangmin & Xu, Meng & Grant-Muller, Susan & Gao, Zaihan, 2020. "Combination of tradable credit scheme and link capacity improvement to balance economic growth and environmental management in sustainable-oriented transport development: A bi-objective bi-level progr," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 459-471.
    3. Rouwendal, Jan & Verhoef, Erik T. & Knockaert, Jasper, 2012. "Give or take? Rewards versus charges for a congested bottleneck," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(1-2), pages 166-176.
    4. Xu, Meng & Grant-Muller, Susan, 2016. "Trip mode and travel pattern impacts of a Tradable Credits Scheme: A case study of Beijing," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 72-83.

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