Historical References And Doctrine Precedents Of Criminology On A Worldwide Level

It is a known fact that the object of study of criminology is the "criminal phenomenon", which is considered both from an individual point of view, in relation to the concepts of "crime" and "criminal", and from a collective point of view, for which the concept of "criminality" is observed. A study of the origin and worldwide development of criminology has thus been carried out in relation to these basic concepts. Although a truly scientific approach to criminology has only been developed since the 18th century, there have previously been numerous historical sources and references throughout the entire temporal arc of human evolution that have highlighted the manifest interest in the discipline and the concepts mentioned. Three main schools of thought in modern criminological theory have later been established, covering the period from the mid-eighteenth century to the mid-twentieth century: the classical, the positivist and the Chicago School. The international bodies responsible for criminology have also played a major role, without which this science would not have evolved to the stage it is at today.