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Rynek pracy a bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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  • Dorota Wawrzyniak

Abstract

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest określenie wpływu czynników związanych z rynkiem pracy na napływ bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych do krajów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. W odniesieniu do kosztów pracy oczekuje się ujemnego wpływu na BIZ, zaś w przypadku jakości siły roboczej i dostępności siły roboczej - dodatniego. Analizę ekonometryczną przeprowadzono przy wykorzystaniu danych panelowych obejmujących 10 krajów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej (Bułgarię, Czechy, Estonię, Litwę, Łotwę, Polskę, Rumunię, Słowację, Słowenię i Węgry) w latach 1999-2012. Rezultaty przeprowadzonego badania empirycznego wskazują, że wzrost kosztów pracy prowadzi do spadku BIZ w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Częściowe odzwierciedlenie w otrzymanych wynikach znalazł także oczekiwany, dodatni wpływ jakości siły roboczej na napływ bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych. Jeden z dwóch zastosowanych mierników jakości siły roboczej oddziałuje w sposób statystycznie istotny na BIZ, a mianowicie udział osób z wykształceniem wyższym w populacji osób mających 30–34 lata. Może to sugerować, że zagraniczni inwestorzy poszukują osób wykształconych, ale stosunkowo młodych. Stwierdzenie to powinno jednak zostać poddane dalszej weryfikacji. Dostępność siły roboczej, mierzona stopą bezrobocia, nie stanowi w przeprowadzonej analizie statystycznie istotnej determinanty bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych.

Suggested Citation

  • Dorota Wawrzyniak, 2017. "Rynek pracy a bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 1, pages 53-68.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2017:i:1:p:53-68
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne (BIZ); determinanty BIZ; rynek pracy; kraje Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business

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