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Zasadność zwolnienia usług pośrednictwa finansowego z podatku od wartości dodanej

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  • Arkadiusz Bernal

Abstract

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie przyczyn i konsekwencji zwolnienia usług pośrednictwa finansowego z podatku od wartości dodanej. Pośrednicy finansowi pozostają zwolnieni pomimo tego, że ich działalność stanowi bardzo znaczącą część gospodarki narodowej. Można wskazać szereg argumentów uzasadniających wspomniane zwolnienie. Istnieją wątpliwości, czy usługi pośrednictwa finansowego tworzą wartość dodaną, a jeśli przyjąć, że tworzą, to pozostaje problem ustalenia (pomiaru) wartości dodanej. Na wysokość stopy procentowej, która jest główną kategorią w usługach pośrednictwa finansowego, wpływa wiele czynników, spośród których nie wszystkie tworzą wartość dodaną. Obok trudności związanych z ustaleniem podstawy opodatkowania, istnieje jeszcze problem zdefiniowania podmiotu czynnego. W artykule wskazane zostały również konsekwencje obowiązującego zwolnienia z podatku i to zarówno dla podmiotów świadczących te usługi jak i podmiotów korzystających z tych usług. Zwolnienie usług pośrednictwa finansowego może wpływać na decyzje podmiotów świadczących te usługi w zakresie: proporcji wykorzystania czynników produkcji, sposobu wykonywania czynności pomocniczych w przedsiębiorstwie lub poza nim, współpracy podmiotów działających w branży, wyboru charakteru podmiotu świadczącego usługi pośrednictwa finansowego (specjalizacja vs. uniwersalizacja), wyboru miejsca, z którego dostarczane są towary, wyboru miejsca siedziby i struktury organizacyjnej usługodawcy. Zwolnienie usług pośrednictwa finansowego wpływa również na klientów pośredników na przykład w zakresie: wyboru struktury kapitału, wyboru narzędzi zarządzania ryzykiem, możliwości konkurowania za granicą przez przedsiębiorców korzystających z usług pośrednictwa finansowego, międzyokresowego wyboru skali konsumpcji, subsydiowania przez przedsiębiorców kredytów zaciąganych przez gospodarstwa domowe.

Suggested Citation

  • Arkadiusz Bernal, 2012. "Zasadność zwolnienia usług pośrednictwa finansowego z podatku od wartości dodanej," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 1-2, pages 117-133.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2012:i:1-2:p:117-133
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    usługi pośrednictwa finansowego; podatek od wartości dodanej; opodatkowanie konsumpcji; bank; kredyt; Unia Europejska; dyrektywa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies

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