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Abstract
В статье обсуждается проблема повышения привлекательности и конкурентоспособности города для сохранения и развития человеческого капитала территории (на примере студентов как одной из наиболее мобильных групп). Целью исследования стало выявление миграционных установок студентов и их связи с восприятием территории и характеристиками студентов. Понятие миграционных установок конкретизируется через их характеристики (наличие, направленность, сформированность). Кроме того, проанализирован и дополнен спектр факторов, которые могут определять принятие студентами решения об отъезде. Информационную базу исследования составили данные онлайн-опроса студентов НГУ, проведенного в конце 2012 г. – начале 2013 г. На данных опроса выявлены характеристики, обуславливающие дифференциацию миграционных установок. Показано влияние субъективного восприятия качеств территории и привлекательности города на формирование миграционных установок студентов (обнаружена дифференциация направленности и сформированности миграционных установок в группах с разным восприятием). Выявлена тенденция большей лояльности к территории у студентов, ориентированных на проживание в Новосибирске. На отъезд в большей степени ориентированы те, кто имеет более высокий уровень ожиданий от территории как потенциального места жительства. Несмотря на то, что миграционные установки не всегда реализуются на практике, информация о них позволяет оценить потенциальную мобильность и миграционный потенциал данной группы, что важно учитывать при формировании маркетинговой стратегии города. This article deals with the problem of increasing of city attractiveness and competitiveness for saving and development of territory’s human capital (on the example of students as one of the most mobile group). The study’s main objective is to identify student’s migration attitudes and its connection with territory perception and student’s features. The idea of migration attitudes is clarified through its features (presence, direction, formation). Furthermore, it was made an analysis and extension of factors, which could determine decision of students to leave. Information base consists of results of online-poll among NSU students, conducted in the end of 2012 – beginning of 2013 year. According to the online-poll, authors found out characteristics, which determine differentiation of migration attitudes. It’s shown the influence of subjective perception of territory’s features and city attractiveness on the process of formation of migration attitudes of students (it’s discovered the differentiation of direction and formation of migration attitudes in groups with different perception). There is the tendency of more loyalty to the territory among students oriented on living in Novosibirsk. Students more oriented on leaving if they have a higher level of expectations of the territory as a potential residence. Despite of the fact that migration attitudes are not necessarily to be implemented in practice, information about it allow estimating potential mobility and migration potential of this group, which is important to consider during creation of city’s marketing strategy.
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Keywords
восприятие территории;
привлекательность города;
миграционные установки студентов;
дифференциация миграционных установок;
perception of territory;
attractiveness of the city;
students’ migration attitudes;
differentiation of migration attitudes.;
All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- D71 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations
- J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
- J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion
- O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
- R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
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