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People, Race and Place: American Support for Person- and Place-based Urban Policy, 1973–2008

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  • Michael Manville

Abstract

This article examines an idea that is often asserted but rarely tested: that Americans associate big cities with African Americans and that, as a result, racial attitudes influence support for urban policy. Thirty-five years of public opinion data show that cities are in fact a ‘racialised’ concept, and that the relationship between racial attitudes and support for place-based urban policy is as large as that between racial attitudes and support for person-based assistance to the poor. The sources of these racial associations, however, appear to differ. Attitudes about race and cities correlate more closely with attitudes about crime, while attitudes about race and person-based redistribution correlate more with opposition to residential integration. Lastly, the evidence shows that even Americans who do not hold prejudiced views associate urban problems with African Americans, suggesting that social policy, be it person- or place-based, will always need to contend with racial attitudes.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Manville, 2012. "People, Race and Place: American Support for Person- and Place-based Urban Policy, 1973–2008," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(14), pages 3101-3119, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:49:y:2012:i:14:p:3101-3119
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098011432556
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    1. Erzo F. P. Luttmer, 2001. "Group Loyalty and the Taste for Redistribution," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 109(3), pages 500-528, June.
    2. Edward L. Glaeser & Joshua D. Gottlieb, 2008. "The Economics of Place-Making Policies," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 39(1 (Spring), pages 155-253.
    3. Lawrence D. Bobo & Camille Z. Charles, 2009. "Race in the American Mind: From the Moynihan Report to the Obama Candidacy," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 621(1), pages 243-259, January.
    4. Sears, David O. & Laar, Colette van & Carillo, Mary & Kosterman, Rick, 1997. "Is It Really Racism? The Origins of White Americans' Opposition to Race-Targeted Policies," Institute for Social Science Research, Working Paper Series qt00j4p6z2, Institute for Social Science Research, UCLA.
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