IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/soueco/v6y2005i2p207-219.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Foreign Capital Inflows and Growth in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Bushra Yasmin

    (Bushra Yasmin is Lecturer in Economics, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Email: bushrayasmin@yahoo.com)

Abstract

Developing countries have low levels of savings and investment. As a result most developing countries have to rely on Foreign Capital Inflows (FCI) to generate sufficient saving in order to achieve high levels of growth. Pakistan is one of those countries that rely heavily on external flows to supplement their savings and accelerate economic growth. The objective of this study is to find out the effect of FCI on the growth performance of Pakistan and vice versa. As the growth rate and FCI are expected to affect each other simultaneously, the Simultaneous Equation Model is applied on the aggregate time series data for the years 1970–71 to 2000–2001 for FCI, GNP and Savings. A positive and statistically significant relationship appears between FCI and growth. Further, it can be seen that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in FCI is highly significant and has contributed positively in the country's economic growth. The optimal policy which follows from these results is to bring changes in the composition of FCI and preferably to encourage FDI in order to enhance economic growth with the high growth level further affect FCI positively.

Suggested Citation

  • Bushra Yasmin, 2005. "Foreign Capital Inflows and Growth in Pakistan," South Asia Economic Journal, Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka, vol. 6(2), pages 207-219, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:soueco:v:6:y:2005:i:2:p:207-219
    DOI: 10.1177/139156140500600203
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/139156140500600203
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/139156140500600203?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mosley, Paul & Hudson, John & Horrell, Sara, 1987. "Aid, the Public Sector and the Market in Less Developed Countries," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 97(387), pages 616-641, September.
    2. Robert Lensink & Oliver Morrissey, 2000. "Aid instability as a measure of uncertainty and the positive impact of aid on growth," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(3), pages 31-49.
    3. Naheed Z. Khan & Eric Rahim, 1993. "Foreign Aid, Domestic Savings and Economic Growth (Pakistan: 1960 to 1988)," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 32(4), pages 1157-1167.
    4. Ghulam Ali, 1977. "A Development Model and Foreign Aid Requirements in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 16(3), pages 229-261.
    5. Ashfaque H. Khan & Lubna Hasan & Afia Malik, 1992. "Dependency Ratio, Foreign Capital Inflows and the Rate of Savings in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 31(4), pages 843-856.
    6. Bacha, Edmar L., 1990. "A three-gap model of foreign transfers and the GDP growth rate in developing countries," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 279-296, April.
    7. Weisskopf, Thomas E., 1972. "The impact of foreign capital inflow on domestic savings in underdeveloped countries," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 25-38, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Shahbaz & Amatul Razzaq Chaudhary & Syed Jawad Hussain Shahzad, 2020. "Is energy consumption sensitive to foreign capital inflows and currency devaluation in Pakistan?," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(52), pages 5641-5658, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mark McGillivray & Simon Feeny & Niels Hermes & Robert Lensink, 2005. "It Works; It Doesn't; It Can, But that Depends...: 50 Years of Controversy Over the Macroeconomic Impact of Development Aid," WIDER Working Paper Series RP2005-54, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    2. Mark McGillivray & Simon Feeny & Niels Hermes & Robert Lensink, 2006. "Controversies over the impact of development aid: it works; it doesn't; it can, but that depends …," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 18(7), pages 1031-1050.
    3. Zafar Iqbal & Ghulam Mustafa Zahid, 1998. "Macroeconomic Determinants of Economic Growth in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 37(2), pages 125-148.
    4. Keith Blackburn & Gonzalo F. Forgues-Puccio, 2011. "Foreign aid - a fillip for development or a fuel for corruption?," Centre for Growth and Business Cycle Research Discussion Paper Series 158, Economics, The University of Manchester.
    5. Zafar Iqbal, 1993. "Institutional Variations in Saving Behaviour in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 32(4), pages 1293-1311.
    6. Pervez Zamurrad Janjua & Malik Muhammad & Muhammad Usman, 2018. "Impact of Project and Programme Aid on Economic Growth: A Cross Country Analysis," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 57(2), pages 145-174.
    7. Edmore MAHEMBE & Nicholas M. ODHIAMBO, 2017. "On The Link Between Foreign Aid And Poverty Reduction In Developing Countries," Revista Galega de Economía, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business., vol. 26(2), pages 113-128.
    8. Boone, Peter, 1996. "Politics and the effectiveness of foreign aid," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 40(2), pages 289-329, February.
    9. Tadesse, Tasew, 2011. "Foreign aid and economic growth in Ethiopia," MPRA Paper 33953, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 20 Sep 2011.
    10. Ojiambo Elphas & Jacob Oduor & Mburu Tom & Wawire Nelson, 2015. "Working Paper 226 - Aid Unpredictability and Economic Growth in Kenya," Working Paper Series 2169, African Development Bank.
    11. Dierk Herzer & Michael Grimm, 2012. "Does foreign aid increase private investment? Evidence from panel cointegration," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(20), pages 2537-2550, July.
    12. Bazoumana Ouattara, 2007. "Foreign Aid, Public Savings Displacement and Aid Dependency in Cote d'Ivoire: An Aid Disaggregation Approach," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(1), pages 33-46.
    13. Lessmann, Christian & Markwardt, Gunther, 2009. "Aid, growth and decentralization," Dresden Discussion Paper Series in Economics 09/09, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Business and Economics, Department of Economics.
    14. David Dollar & Craig Burnside, 2000. "Aid, Policies, and Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(4), pages 847-868, September.
    15. Robert Lensink & Oliver Morrissey, 2000. "Aid instability as a measure of uncertainty and the positive impact of aid on growth," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(3), pages 31-49.
    16. Sushanta Mallick & Tomoe Moore, 2008. "Foreign Capital in a Growth Model," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(1), pages 143-159, February.
    17. Terefe, Kitessa Delessa, 2017. "Drivers of economic growth in Ethiopia: Does foreign aid and policy complementarity matter?," MPRA Paper 92276, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 14 May 2018.
    18. Zafar Iqbal, 1997. "Foreign Aid and the Public Sector: A Model of Fiscal Behaviour in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 36(2), pages 115-129.
    19. Hasret Balcioglu, 2016. "Foreign Aid and Economic Growth: A Panel Cointegration for Selected Turkic Republics," International Journal of Business and Social Research, MIR Center for Socio-Economic Research, vol. 6(6), pages 17-23, June.
    20. Michal Chervin & Sweder van Wijnbergen, 2010. "Economic Growth and the Volatility of Foreign Aid," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 10-002/2, Tinbergen Institute.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:soueco:v:6:y:2005:i:2:p:207-219. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.ips.lk/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.