Power and Counter-Power: Knowledge Structure and the Limits of Control

In this article, we explore Susan Strange’s multidimensional and non-reductive international political economy (IPE) approach to structural power. Strange’s key weakness is the failure to account for her knowledge structure’s regulative form relative to her security, production and financial structures. We seek to develop Strange’s account through the addition of Manuel Castells’ account of digital network structures. Castells’ morphogenic structural approach to digital network power helps to clarify the mechanisms by which today’s knowledge structure achieves autonomy, internal regulation and generative capacity. This sociological completion of Strange’s theory, an international socio-political economy approach as it were, better explains the capacity and limits of today’s digital network knowledge structure to resist reduction to other structural interests. Strange’s non-reductive structural approach to power is significant for sociology as it helps identify ‘social order’ in a global age, but an additional sociological dimension is also necessary for the fulfilment of Strange’s theoretical project.