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Internalized stigma and self-stigma in people diagnosed with a mental disorder. One concept or two? A scoping review

Author

Listed:
  • Dany Fernández
  • Pamela Grandón
  • Yaranay López-Angulo
  • Alexis Vladimir-Vielma
  • Wenceslao Peñate
  • Gabriela Díaz-Pérez

Abstract

Background: In the literature on stigma, authors often use self-stigma or internalized stigma interchangeably to refer to this type of stigma. This results in a lack of conceptual clarity with negative repercussions for measurement and intervention. Aims: To identify how internalized stigma and self-stigma are conceptualized in people diagnosed with a mental disorder and establish similarities and differences between both concepts. Method: A scoping review was conducted. Thirty-five studies that conceptualized internalized stigma or self-stigma were selected. Results: It was identified that the concepts are defined from nine components, and there are more conceptualizations that have points in common than those that consider some component of their own. To gain conceptual clarity, the use of the term internalized stigma is recommended, being a process made up of stages: acceptance of stereotypes and prejudices by people with mental disorders and their subsequent internalization. The latter leads to negative consequences for those affected, which can be understood as the personal impact of this process, which has a crucial socio-cultural component. Lines of research are proposed to provide solidity to studies on this type of stigma. Conclusions: The term internalized stigma should be used when referring to the type of stigma that includes acceptance, internalization and personal impact for the subjects of the stigma. In contrast, self-stigma should be reserved to refer to stigma that is directed toward the ‘self’ and includes subtypes of stigma.

Suggested Citation

  • Dany Fernández & Pamela Grandón & Yaranay López-Angulo & Alexis Vladimir-Vielma & Wenceslao Peñate & Gabriela Díaz-Pérez, 2023. "Internalized stigma and self-stigma in people diagnosed with a mental disorder. One concept or two? A scoping review," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(8), pages 1869-1881, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:69:y:2023:i:8:p:1869-1881
    DOI: 10.1177/00207640231196749
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Keunwoo Park & Lee MinHwa & Mikyung Seo, 2019. "The impact of self-stigma on self-esteem among persons with different mental disorders," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 65(7-8), pages 558-565, November.
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