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The Ethnic Density Effect: Results From a National Community Survey of England and Wales

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  • David Halpern
  • James Nazroo

Abstract

Using data from a community survey of 5196 ethnic minority and 2867 white respondents, together with data on local group concentration from the 1991 Census, the hypothesis was tested that ethnic group concentration is associated with lower levels of reported psychiatric symptoms. The hypothesis was broadly confirmed, both for within- and between-group differences. However, the effect was found to be modest in size and in one group, the Pakistani sample, was reversed. The findings are inconsistent with an explanation based on selection or drift. Linguistic factors contributed to, but did not explain the effects. Evidence on victimisation and mutual support suggests that social causation, in the form of reduced exposure to direct prejudice and increased social support, is a likely cause of the effect.

Suggested Citation

  • David Halpern & James Nazroo, 2000. "The Ethnic Density Effect: Results From a National Community Survey of England and Wales," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 46(1), pages 34-46, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:socpsy:v:46:y:2000:i:1:p:34-46
    DOI: 10.1177/002076400004600105
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dinesh Bhugra, 1997. "Setting Up Psychiatric Services: Cross-Cultural Issues in Planning and Delivery," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 43(1), pages 16-28, March.
    2. Halpern, David, 1993. "Minorities and mental health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 597-607, March.
    3. Norbett L. Mintz & David T. Schwartz, 1964. "Urban Ecology and Psychosis: Community Factors in the Incidence of Schizophrenia and Manic-Depression Among Italians in Greater Boston," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 10(2), pages 101-118, April.
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    1. Termorshuizen, Fabian & Heerdink, Eibert R. & Selten, Jean-Paul, 2018. "The impact of ethnic density on dispensing of antipsychotic and antidepressant medication among immigrants in the Netherlands," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 87-94.
    2. Nan Zhang & Jennifer L. Beauregard & Michael R. Kramer & Laia Bécares, 2017. "Neighbourhood Ethnic Density Effects on Behavioural and Cognitive Problems Among Young Racial/Ethnic Minority Children in the US and England: A Cross-National Comparison," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 36(5), pages 761-804, October.
    3. Gert-Jan Martijn Veerman & Jaap Dronkers, 2016. "Ethnic Composition and School Performance in the Secondary Education of Turkish Migrant Students in Seven Countries and 19 European Educational Systems," International Migration Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 50(3), pages 537-567, September.
    4. Berger, Nicolas & Lewis, Daniel & Quartagno, Matteo & Njagi, Edmund Njeru & Cummins, Steven, 2019. "Associations between school and neighbourhood ethnic density and physical activity in adolescents: Evidence from the Olympic Regeneration in East London (ORiEL) study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 1-1.

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