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Test Result–Based Sampling

Author

Listed:
  • Patrick Taffé
  • Patricia Halfon
  • William A. Ghali
  • Bernard Burnand

Abstract

Objective . Accuracy studies of Patient Safety Indicators (PSIs) are critical but limited by the large samples required due to low occurrence of most events. We tested a sampling design based on test results (verification-biased sampling [VBS]) that minimizes the number of subjects to be verified. Methods . We considered 3 real PSIs, whose rates were calculated using 3 years of discharge data from a university hospital and a hypothetical screen of very rare events. Sample size estimates, based on the expected sensitivity and precision, were compared across 4 study designs: random and VBS, with and without constraints on the size of the population to be screened. Results . Over sensitivities ranging from 0.3 to 0.7 and PSI prevalence levels ranging from 0.02 to 0.2, the optimal VBS strategy makes it possible to reduce sample size by up to 60% in comparison with simple random sampling. For PSI prevalence levels below 1%, the minimal sample size required was still over 5000. Conclusions . Verification-biased sampling permits substantial savings in the required sample size for PSI validation studies. However, sample sizes still need to be very large for many of the rarer PSIs.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Taffé & Patricia Halfon & William A. Ghali & Bernard Burnand, 2012. "Test Result–Based Sampling," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 32(1), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:medema:v:32:y:2012:i:1:p:e1-e12
    DOI: 10.1177/0272989X11426176
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jonathan Millar & Soeren Mattke, 2004. "Selecting Indicators for Patient Safety at the Health Systems Level in OECD Countries," OECD Health Technical Papers 18, OECD Publishing.
    2. Richard Hermann & Soeren Mattke, 2004. "Selecting Indicators for the Quality of Mental Health Care at the Health Systems Level in OECD Countries," OECD Health Technical Papers 17, OECD Publishing.
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