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Efficacy of Phototherapy for Newborns with Hyperbilirubinemia

Author

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  • Thomas B. Newman
  • Eric Vittinghoff
  • Charles E. McCulloch

Abstract

Background . Use of instrumental variables is gaining popularity as a method of controlling for confounding by indication in observational studies of treatments. Objectives . To illustrate how unmeasured instrument-level treatment substitution can distort effect size estimates using as an example an instrumental variable analysis of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice. Design . Retrospective cohort study. Setting . Northern California Kaiser Permanente Hospitals. Patients . The authors studied 20,731 newborns ≥2000 g and ≥35 weeks’ gestation born 1995–2004 with a “qualifying†total serum bilirubin (TSB) level within 3 mg/dL of the 2004 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) phototherapy threshold who did not have a positive direct antiglobulin test. Measurements . The intervention was inpatient phototherapy within 8 hours of the qualifying TSB. The outcome was a TSB level exceeding the AAP exchange transfusion threshold

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas B. Newman & Eric Vittinghoff & Charles E. McCulloch, 2012. "Efficacy of Phototherapy for Newborns with Hyperbilirubinemia," Medical Decision Making, , vol. 32(1), pages 83-92, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:medema:v:32:y:2012:i:1:p:83-92
    DOI: 10.1177/0272989X11416512
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    Cited by:

    1. Anirban Basu & Kwun Chuen Gary Chan, 2014. "Can We Make Smart Choices Between Ols And Contaminated Iv Methods?," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 23(4), pages 462-472, April.

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