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External support in armed conflicts: Introducing the UCDP external support dataset (ESD), 1975–2017

Author

Listed:
  • Vanessa Meier

    (Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Oxford)

  • Niklas Karlén

    (Department of War Studies and Military History, Swedish Defence University)

  • Therése Pettersson

    (Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University)

  • Mihai Croicu

    (Department of Peace and Conflict Research, Uppsala University)

Abstract

In this article, we present the most up-to-date, fine-grained, global dataset on external support in armed conflicts: the UCDP External Support Dataset (ESD). The dataset encompasses data on states and non-state actors as both supporters and recipients and provides detailed information on the type of support provided to warring parties in armed conflicts between 1975 and 2017. We use it to highlight three broader trends in the provision of external support: (1) a dramatic increase in the number of external supporters, (2) a larger share of pro-government interventions, and (3) the rise of direct military intervention as the predominant mode of external support. In conclusion, we identify several avenues worthy of future inquiry that could significantly improve our understanding of external support in armed conflicts.

Suggested Citation

  • Vanessa Meier & Niklas Karlén & Therése Pettersson & Mihai Croicu, 2023. "External support in armed conflicts: Introducing the UCDP external support dataset (ESD), 1975–2017," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 60(3), pages 545-554, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:joupea:v:60:y:2023:i:3:p:545-554
    DOI: 10.1177/00223433221079864
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