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Teacher’s Corner: A Note on Interpretation of the Paired-Samples t Test

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  • Donald W. Zimmerman

Abstract

Explanations of advantages and disadvantages of paired-samples experimental designs in textbooks in education and psychology frequently overlook the change in the Type I error probability which occurs when an independent-samples t test is performed on correlated observations. This alteration of the significance level can be extreme even if the correlation is small. By comparison, the loss of power of the paired-samples t test on difference scores due to reduction of degrees of freedom, which typically is emphasized, is relatively slight. Although paired-samples designs are appropriate and widely used when there is a natural correspondence or pairing of scores, researchers have not often considered the implications of undetected correlation between supposedly independent samples in the absence of explicit pairing.

Suggested Citation

  • Donald W. Zimmerman, 1997. "Teacher’s Corner: A Note on Interpretation of the Paired-Samples t Test," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 22(3), pages 349-360, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jedbes:v:22:y:1997:i:3:p:349-360
    DOI: 10.3102/10769986022003349
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    Cited by:

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    3. Hesam Mirzaei Rafsanjani & John Dalsgaard Sørensen & Søren Fæster & Asger Sturlason, 2017. "Fatigue Reliability Analysis of Wind Turbine Cast Components," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-14, April.
    4. Lahmiri, Salim, 2018. "Generalized Hurst exponent estimates differentiate EEG signals of healthy and epileptic patients," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 490(C), pages 378-385.
    5. Neeraj Bokde & Andrés Feijóo & Daniel Villanueva & Kishore Kulat, 2019. "A Review on Hybrid Empirical Mode Decomposition Models for Wind Speed and Wind Power Prediction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-42, January.

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