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The Use of Fisher’s Z in Schmidt-Hunter–type Meta-Analyses

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  • Kenneth S. Law

Abstract

Over the past few years, there has been some dispute as to whether Fisher’s Z or the Pearson correlation (r) should be used in Schmidt-Hunter–type meta-analyses. The two major reasons that Z has not been recommended are the possibly larger positive bias in estimating mean population correlation (M Ï ) and the problem of estimating the standard deviation of population correlations (SD Ï ). In this study, two new methods of estimating M Ï and SD Ï by using Z are suggested and tested by Monte Carlo simulations. The results show no consistent advantage to using r instead of Z or vice versa in estimating both M Ï and SD Ï In fact, the estimated M Ï and SD Ï from all three methods were highly similar and were almost identical when rounded off.

Suggested Citation

  • Kenneth S. Law, 1995. "The Use of Fisher’s Z in Schmidt-Hunter–type Meta-Analyses," Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, , vol. 20(3), pages 287-306, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jedbes:v:20:y:1995:i:3:p:287-306
    DOI: 10.3102/10769986020003287
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