IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/envirb/v45y2018i6p1003-1021.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Implementing a Multilevel Index of Dissimilarity in R with a case study of the changing scales of residential ethnic segregation in England and Wales

Author

Listed:
  • Richard Harris
  • Dewi Owen

Abstract

This paper introduces the Multilevel Index of Dissimilarity package, which provides tools and functions to fit a Multilevel Index of Dissimilarity in the open source software, R. It extends the conventional Index of Dissimilarity to measure both the amount and geographic scale of segregation, thereby capturing the two principal dimensions of segregation, unevenness and clustering. The statistical basis for the multilevel approach is discussed, making connections to other work in the field and looking especially at the relationships between the Index of Dissimilarity, variance as a measure of segregation, and the partitioning of the variance to identify scale effects. A brief tutorial for the package is provided followed by a case study of the scales of residential segregation for various ethnic groups in England and Wales. Comparing 2001 with 2011 Census data, we find that patterns of segregation are emerging at less localised geographical scales but the Index of Dissimilarity is falling. This is consistent with a process whereby minority groups have spread out into more ethnically mixed neighbourhoods.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard Harris & Dewi Owen, 2018. "Implementing a Multilevel Index of Dissimilarity in R with a case study of the changing scales of residential ethnic segregation in England and Wales," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 45(6), pages 1003-1021, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:45:y:2018:i:6:p:1003-1021
    DOI: 10.1177/2399808317748328
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2399808317748328
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/2399808317748328?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Richard Harris, 2014. "Measuring Changing Ethnic Separations in England: A Spatial Discontinuity Approach," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 46(9), pages 2243-2261, September.
    2. Seong-Yun Hong & David O'Sullivan & Yukio Sadahiro, 2014. "Implementing Spatial Segregation Measures in R," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(11), pages 1-18, November.
    3. Hongwei Xu & John Logan & Susan Short, 2014. "Integrating Space With Place in Health Research: A Multilevel Spatial Investigation Using Child Mortality in 1880 Newark, New Jersey," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 51(3), pages 811-834, June.
    4. David Manley & Ron Johnston & Kelvyn Jones & Dewi Owen, 2015. "Macro-, Meso- and Microscale Segregation: Modeling Changing Ethnic Residential Patterns in Auckland, New Zealand, 2001–2013," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 105(5), pages 951-967, September.
    5. Sean Reardon & John Yun & Tamela Eitle, 2000. "The changing structure of school segregation: Measurement and evidence of multiracial metropolitan-area school segregation, 1989–1995," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 37(3), pages 351-364, August.
    6. Bates, Douglas & Mächler, Martin & Bolker, Ben & Walker, Steve, 2015. "Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 67(i01).
    7. George Leckie & Harvey Goldstein, 2015. "A multilevel modelling approach to measuring changing patterns of ethnic composition and segregation among London secondary schools, 2001–2010," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 178(2), pages 405-424, February.
    8. Kelvyn Jones & Ron Johnston & David Manley & Dewi Owen & Chris Charlton, 2015. "Ethnic Residential Segregation: A Multilevel, Multigroup, Multiscale Approach Exemplified by London in 2011," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 52(6), pages 1995-2019, December.
    9. Sean Reardon & Stephen Matthews & David O’Sullivan & Barrett Lee & Glenn Firebaugh & Chad Farrell & Kendra Bischoff, 2008. "The geographic scale of Metropolitan racial segregation," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 45(3), pages 489-514, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mariana C Arcaya & Gabriel Schwartz & SV Subramanian, 2018. "A multi-level modeling approach to understanding residential segregation in the United States," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 45(6), pages 1090-1105, November.
    2. Eva K. Andersson & Torkild Hovde Lyngstad & Bart Sleutjes, 2018. "Comparing Patterns of Segregation in North-Western Europe: A Multiscalar Approach," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 151-168, May.
    3. Christopher S Fowler, 2018. "Key assumptions in multiscale segregation measures: How zoning and strength of spatial association condition outcomes," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 45(6), pages 1055-1072, November.
    4. Filippo Temporin, 2019. "A multilevel structural equation modelling approach to study segregation of deprivation: an application to Bolivia," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 1657-1674, May.
    5. Matthew Quick & Nick Revington, 2022. "Exploring the global and local patterns of income segregation in Toronto, Canada: A multilevel multigroup modeling approach," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 49(2), pages 637-653, February.
    6. Sandro Sousa & Vincenzo Nicosia, 2022. "Quantifying ethnic segregation in cities through random walks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    7. Albert Sabater & Gemma Catney, 2019. "Unpacking Summary Measures of Ethnic Residential Segregation Using an Age Group and Age Cohort Perspective," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 35(1), pages 161-189, February.
    8. Andrew Bell & Malcolm Fairbrother & Kelvyn Jones, 2019. "Fixed and random effects models: making an informed choice," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(2), pages 1051-1074, March.
    9. William AV Clark & John Östh, 2018. "Measuring isolation across space and over time with new tools: Evidence from Californian metropolitan regions," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 45(6), pages 1038-1054, November.
    10. David C. Maré & Jacques Poot, 2019. "Commuting to diversity," Working Papers 19_20, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research.
    11. Julien Randon-Furling & Madalina Olteanu & Antoine Lucquiaud, 2020. "From urban segregation to spatial structure detection," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 47(4), pages 645-661, May.
    12. Richard Harris & Ron Johnston, 2018. "Measuring and modelling segregation – New concepts, new methods and new data," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 45(6), pages 999-1002, November.
    13. Mohana Mondal & Michael P. Cameron & Jacques Poot, 2021. "Cultural and economic residential sorting of Auckland’s population, 1991–2013: an entropy approach," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 291-330, April.
    14. Kelvyn Jones & Ron Johnston & David Manley & Dewi Owen & Chris Charlton, 2015. "Ethnic Residential Segregation: A Multilevel, Multigroup, Multiscale Approach Exemplified by London in 2011," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 52(6), pages 1995-2019, December.
    15. Bart Sleutjes & Helga A. G. Valk & Jeroen Ooijevaar, 2018. "The Measurement of Ethnic Segregation in the Netherlands: Differences Between Administrative and Individualized Neighbourhoods," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 195-224, May.
    16. Bo Malmberg & Eva K. Andersson & Michael M. Nielsen & Karen Haandrikman, 2018. "Residential Segregation of European and Non-European Migrants in Sweden: 1990–2012," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 169-193, May.
    17. Renan Xavier Cortes & Sergio Rey & Elijah Knaap & Levi John Wolf, 2020. "An open-source framework for non-spatial and spatial segregation measures: the PySAL segregation module," Journal of Computational Social Science, Springer, vol. 3(1), pages 135-166, April.
    18. Jinglu Song & Bo Huang & Rongrong Li & Rishikesh Pandey, 2020. "Construction of the Scale-Specific Resilience Index to Facilitate Multiscale Decision Making in Disaster Management: A Case Study of the 2015 Nepal Earthquake," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 148(1), pages 189-223, February.
    19. Diane Coffey & Ashwini Deshpande & Jeffrey Hammer & Dean Spears, 2019. "Local Social Inequality, Economic Inequality, and Disparities in Child Height in India," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 56(4), pages 1427-1452, August.
    20. JANSSENS, Jochen & DE CORTE, Annelies & SÖRENSEN, Kenneth, 2016. "Water distribution network design optimisation with respect to reliability," Working Papers 2016007, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Business and Economics.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:45:y:2018:i:6:p:1003-1021. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.