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Neighbourhood Destination Accessibility Index: A GIS Tool for Measuring Infrastructure Support for Neighbourhood Physical Activity

Author

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  • Karen Witten

    (Centre for Social and Health Outcomes Research and Evaluation (SHORE), Massey University, PO Box 6137, Wellesley Street, Auckland, New Zealand)

  • Jamie Pearce

    (Centre for Research on Environment, Society and Health (CRESH), Institute of Geography, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Scotland)

  • Peter Day

    (GeoHealth Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand)

Abstract

The sharp increase in obesity in recent years has prompted researchers to examine the various pathways through which urban built environments influence population-level physical activity. Walking access to everyday destinations is one such pathway. This paper describes a measure of pedestrian access to neighbourhood destinations. Using eight domains of neighbourhood destinations (education, transport, recreation, social and cultural, food retail, financial, health, and other retail) we developed a GIS-based ‘Neighbourhood Destination Accessibility Index’ (NDAI) for four New Zealand cities. We found that the intensity of neighbourhood destination opportunities varied considerably among cities and between neighbourhoods within cities. Further, access to neighbourhood infrastructural support tends to be better in more socially deprived places. Potential explanations for the sociospatial distribution of neighbourhood destinations in New Zealand cities include historical processes of residential and economic development and infrastructural investment.

Suggested Citation

  • Karen Witten & Jamie Pearce & Peter Day, 2011. "Neighbourhood Destination Accessibility Index: A GIS Tool for Measuring Infrastructure Support for Neighbourhood Physical Activity," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 43(1), pages 205-223, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:43:y:2011:i:1:p:205-223
    DOI: 10.1068/a43219
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Low, Chien Tat & Lai, Poh Chin & Li, Han Dong & Ho, Wai Kit & Wong, Paulina & Chen, Si & Wong, Wing Cheung, 2016. "Neighbourhood effects on body constitution–A case study of Hong Kong," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 61-74.
    2. Ben-Elia, Eran & Benenson, Itzhak, 2019. "A spatially-explicit method for analyzing the equity of transit commuters' accessibility," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 31-42.
    3. Ivory, Vivienne C. & Blakely, Tony & Pearce, Jamie & Witten, Karen & Bagheri, Nasser & Badland, Hannah & Schofield, Grant, 2015. "Could strength of exposure to the residential neighbourhood modify associations between walkability and physical activity?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 232-241.
    4. Sadler, Richard C. & Hippensteel, Christopher & Nelson, Victoria & Greene-Moton, Ella & Furr-Holden, C. Debra, 2019. "Community-engaged development of a GIS-based healthfulness index to shape health equity solutions," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 63-75.
    5. Wang, Chih-Hao & Chen, Na, 2017. "A geographically weighted regression approach to investigating the spatially varied built-environment effects on community opportunity," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 136-147.

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