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Creating Small Area Measures of Urban Deprivation

Author

Listed:
  • Richard J Harris

    (School of Geography, Birkbeck College, 7 – 15 Gresse Street, London W1T 1LL, England)

  • Paul A Longley

    (Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis and Department of Geography, University College London, 1 – 19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, England)

Abstract

In recent years, the scale and pace of urban change have been associated with fine-scale fragmentation of the lifestyles of urban populations. One manifestation of this is that households of diverse means and circumstances may be found living in proximity to one another, particularly in urban areas. In this paper we argue that in these changed circumstances conventional deprivation indicators fail adequately to detect within and between small area variations in socioeconomic and environmental conditions. Using a case study of Bristol, England, we develop an analysis around Gordon and Forrest's Breadline Britain indicator in order to reveal the diversity of economic conditions that exist within wards that might be labelled as either affluent or deprived. We argue that adequate representation of diversity requires a greater sensitivity to difference at fine scales. In this context, we begin to evaluate the claims of marketeers who use commercial sources of data to model incomes at unit postcode and even household scales. We undertake an evaluation of such data and extend their application to calculation of Breadline Britain index scores. The results suggest some potential for using unconventional sources of data to ‘freshen up’ census information and provide direct, meaningful, measures of deprivation.

Suggested Citation

  • Richard J Harris & Paul A Longley, 2002. "Creating Small Area Measures of Urban Deprivation," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 34(6), pages 1073-1093, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:34:y:2002:i:6:p:1073-1093
    DOI: 10.1068/a34120
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Paul A Longley & Richard Webber & Chao Li, 2008. "The UK Geography of the e-Society: A National Classification," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 40(2), pages 362-382, February.
    2. Ergun Mustafa & Uyguçgil Hakan & Atalik Özlem, 2020. "Creating a geodemographic classification model within geo-marketing: the case of Eskişehir province," Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, Sciendo, vol. 47(47), pages 45-61, March.
    3. James Debenham & Graham Clarke & John Stillwell, 2003. "Extending Geodemographic Classification: A New Regional Prototype," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 35(6), pages 1025-1050, June.
    4. Paul Longley & Carolina Tobón, 2003. "Spatial dependence and heterogeneity in patterns of urban deprivation," ERSA conference papers ersa03p132, European Regional Science Association.
    5. Enrico Ivaldi & Andrea Ciacci & Riccardo Soliani, 2020. "Urban deprivation in Argentina: A POSET analysis," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(6), pages 1723-1747, December.

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