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Governance, Environmental Vulnerability, and PM2.5 Concentrations: International Evidence

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  • Thai-Ha Le
  • Youngho Chang
  • Donghyun Park

Abstract

We extend the EKC framework to examine the role of governance quality and environmental vulnerability in PM2.5 concentrations using a global panel dataset of 128 countries between 2000 and 2014. The results show that governance and education reduce PM2.5 concentrations while environmental vulnerability increases the concentrations. Promoting good governance and education as well as reducing environmental vulnerability can thus contribute to cleaner air. We find qualitatively similar results for the sub-sample of high-income countries, but governance has relatively weaker or insignificant effects for the sub-samples of upper-middle-income and lower-middle-and-low-income countries. High-income countries have strong institutional frameworks that facilitate enforcement of environmental regulations, which are conducive for protecting air quality, whereas other countries have relatively weak institutional capacity. This suggests a need for substantial economic, technological, and financial support from the international community for strengthening the environmental institutional capacity of developing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Thai-Ha Le & Youngho Chang & Donghyun Park, 2021. "Governance, Environmental Vulnerability, and PM2.5 Concentrations: International Evidence," The Energy Journal, , vol. 42(6), pages 1-24, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:enejou:v:42:y:2021:i:6:p:1-24
    DOI: 10.5547/01956574.42.6.thle
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    Cited by:

    1. Manh‐Tien Bui & Thai‐Ha Le & Donghyun Park, 2023. "Impacts of fiscal decentralization on local development in Vietnam: A disaggregated analysis," Economics of Transition and Institutional Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(1), pages 3-31, January.
    2. Xiankang Xu & Kaifang Shi & Zhongyu Huang & Jingwei Shen, 2023. "What Factors Dominate the Change of PM 2.5 in the World from 2000 to 2019? A Study from Multi-Source Data," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-28, January.
    3. Busayo Victor Osuntuyi & Hooi Hooi Lean, 2023. "Moderating Impacts of Education Levels in the Energy–Growth–Environment Nexus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, February.
    4. Busayo Victor Osuntuyi & Hooi Hooi Lean, 2023. "Environmental degradation, economic growth, and energy consumption: The role of education," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(2), pages 1166-1177, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Governance; Environmental vulnerability; Air quality; PM2.5; Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC);
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F0 - International Economics - - General

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