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L’étrange silence du Nobel Prize Committee sur la « théorie des marchés efficients »

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  • Guerrien, Bernard
  • Gun, Ozgur

Abstract

Le « prix Nobel » d’économie 2013 a été attribué à Eugène Fama et Robert Shiller, qui sont tous deux connus surtout par leurs positions diamétralement opposées sur la « théorie des marchés efficients ». Or, dans son compte-rendu, le comité qui attribue le prix ne mentionne pas cette « théorie », jamais vraiment définie. Le choix de Fama peut néanmoins s’expliquer parce qu’il a inventé l’expression « marchés efficients », expression idéologiquement marquée et devenue monnaie courante en finance. Et cela bien que, prise au pied de la lettre, elle soit un non-sens, même pour un économiste néo-classique. Plutôt que d’opposer Fama et Shiller, le jury préfère les présenter comme étant complémentaires, les « apports » du premier porteraient surtout sur le (très) court terme, ceux du second sur « un plus long terme ». Ces apports sont en fait très limités, même mesurés à l’aune des travaux des lauréats précédents, ce qui ne peut que confirmer l’idée que le jury a surtout voulu récompenser, sans le dire, l’introduction du thème des « marchés efficients » en finance.

Suggested Citation

  • Guerrien, Bernard & Gun, Ozgur, 2013. "L’étrange silence du Nobel Prize Committee sur la « théorie des marchés efficients »," Revue de la Régulation - Capitalisme, institutions, pouvoirs, Association Recherche et Régulation, vol. 14.
  • Handle: RePEc:rvr:journl:2013:10307
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fama, Eugene F, 1991. "Efficient Capital Markets: II," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(5), pages 1575-1617, December.
    2. Fama, Eugene F, 1970. "Efficient Capital Markets: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 25(2), pages 383-417, May.
    3. Grossman, Sanford J & Shiller, Robert J, 1981. "The Determinants of the Variability of Stock Market Prices," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(2), pages 222-227, May.
    4. LeRoy, Stephen F, 1976. "Efficient Capital Markets: Comment," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 31(1), pages 139-141, March.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Fama; marchés efficients; modèle d’équilibre; hypothèses jointes; prix des actifs; Fama; efficient markets; equilibrium model; joint hypothesis; asset prices; Fama; mercados eficientes; modelo de equilibrio; hipotesis juntas; precio de los activos;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B41 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Economic Methodology - - - Economic Methodology
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading

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