Boon Or Bane: A Systematic Review Of Virtual Reality Application In Landscape Architecture Design Stage

The application of Virtual Reality (VR) in the design process has gained growing attention as the technology accelerates the potential of designing spaces in the landscape architecture field, particularly for educational purposes. As VR can be described as a computer-generated environment that closely resembles reality, its application may expand the visual sense and comprehension in promoting natural interaction between humans and the environment. However, the potential and limitations of integrating VR applications in landscape architecture design are still being determined. Therefore, the study aims to evaluate the potentials and limitations of VR application in the landscape architecture design stage where VR technology is currently applied. Forty (40) papers were thoroughly reviewed using PRISMA as a systematic literature review tool. The study found that VR enhances visualisation, immersion, interactivity, and spatial thinking in the landscape design process. However, the application appears challenging due to limited research and funds, limited resources, high cost and more learning time, limited collaboration, and cybersickness cause. Interestingly, VR applications have been used extensively in early and later stages, particularly for presentation and detail drawing. Furthermore, the design development stage and design concept have also been applied.