Migration Phenomenon and its Effects on the Romanian Labor Market

Migration is a complex phenomenon with an impact on economic and social growth for the benefit of the individual and society. It is multidimensional, referring mainly to labour migration. In the current conjuncture, many countries are at a turning point in terms of the international migration movement. The effects of massive retirement and the demographic decline of the population have begun to be felt in almost all countries of the world. There has been a decline in long-term labour immigration in favour of family and humanitarian reasons. Also, the free movement of persons in countries where this type of regime exists has contributed to the expansion of the workforce. Globally, there is even a consensus about the opportunity for immigration of highly skilled people and, at the same time there is a concern about the costs and risks associated with immigration of the less skilled labour force. The liberalization of the movement of labour to the European Union area greatly increases the possibility of migration to the developed countries. This phenomenon puts its mark on economic growth both in the short and long term. Hence occur the need to adopt some measures for migration control, as well as the use of techniques and models of prognosis of this phenomenon in order to assess the economic, demographic and social effects determined by it (Dobrescu E., Albu L.L, 2005). This paper presents an analysis of the migration phenomenon in Romania in the period 2012-2016 and its consequences on the labour market. The labour market being in a continuous process of diversification, has to consider the continuation of the process of adaptation of the vocational training services, starting from the realities and needs of the Romanian labour market.