Developing the sociological analysis methodology of the "project" city (using the social environment research of the city of Innopolis as an example)[Формирование Методологии Социологического Анализа «Проектного» Города (На Примере Исследования Социальной Среды Г. Иннополис)]

The article is devoted to the attempt to identify a new type of sociological classification of cities - project cities (using the experience of designing a science city as an example). Innopolis (the Republic of Tatarstan), as the site for the Russian science cities project, is justified to have a number of features typical for project cities. Methodology. The author's approach to sociological analysis of the "project" city was used as a research methodology. G. Homans’ theory of social exchange, V. Kostin’s theory of social design, G. Zborovsky’s theory of community interactions, the author's concepts of the "project" city development stages and of the value core of involvement form the basis of the "project" city concept. Research results. In the sociological classification, a "project city" can be presented and studied as an independent type of the city. From the point of view of sociology of management, a "project" city can be defined as social space ("site of presence") to locate the key object of a large-scale national project. A large-scale project is understood as a national project aimed at a high-quality change of a particular national scientific or industrial sector, a change in the role or position of the state in the world arena, a global challenge solution, protection or restoration of lost sovereignty. Innopolis is a satellite city of Kazan, which is located 40 km away from it. Currently, the city has the status of a science city, along with Skolkovo and Koltsovo (Novosibirsk region). Innopolis has all the features of a project city: the presence of a comprehensive design development for the city creation and development; the presence of stages / phases of developing the city as a project; special operation mode; the presence of a special value core; high intellectual and professional level of the bulk of the population. Innopolis’ strengths are security, absence of overpopulation and stresses typical for a big city, fundamentally different for a small city level of social infrastructure development, ecology, no pollution or overpopulation, compactness, a high degree of living comfort, a high level of social cohesion of the population and contact with public authorities. Discussion and conclusions. As a conclusion, the author presents a number of ideas on the development prospects of Innopolis, as one of the project cities in Russia. Comprehensive involvement of the city of Innopolis, following the example of nuclear closed administrative-territorial units, into a large-scale national task would significantly increase the motivation of its residents to achieve the goal, rally round it, and supplement motivation with intangible values. Presently, Innopolis’ residents’ motivation is most often status-mercantile: wages, rest, benefits of civilization, high position in society.