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Efecto del capital humano en la desigualdad: evidencia empírica para 17 países de América Latina

Author

Listed:
  • Cumbicus, Mary

    (Carrera de Economía, Universidad Nacional de Loja, Loja, Ecuador)

  • Tillaguango, Brayan

    (Carrera de Economía, Universidad Nacional de Loja, Loja, Ecuador)

Abstract

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la relación entre desigualdad y capital humano en 17 paıses de América Latina en el periodo 1990-2015. Utilizamos datos de panel del Banco Mundial (2016) y del World Income Inequality Database, donde la variable dependiente es el índice de Gini y la variable independiente es el capital humano. A través del análisis de Becker (1966) se demuestra el efecto del capital humano en la distribución del ingreso. Utilizando un modelo de regresión múltiple donde los resultados muestran que el capital humano tiene un efecto negativo y estadísticamente significativo en la desigualdad. Las políticas más acordes para reducir la desigualdad por ingresos en los países de América Latina es tener acceso a la educación inclusiva desde una temprana edad; además se debe establecer políticas orientadas al desarrollo del sector manufacturero.

Suggested Citation

  • Cumbicus, Mary & Tillaguango, Brayan, 2017. "Efecto del capital humano en la desigualdad: evidencia empírica para 17 países de América Latina," Revista Económica, Centro de Investigaciones Sociales y Económicas, Universidad Nacional de Loja, vol. 3(1), pages 53-62, Julio.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:lojare:0025
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Desigualdad; Capital Humano; América Latina;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination

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