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La generación real y potencial de empleo de la ley de dependencia: un análisis regional

Author

Listed:
  • Fernández Méndez, Diana

    (Instituto de Estudos e Desenvolvemento de Galicia (IDEGA), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela)

  • Fernández Fernández, Melchor

    (Instituto de Estudos e Desenvolvemento de Galicia (IDEGA), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela)

  • Meixide Vecino, Alberto

    (Instituto de Estudos e Desenvolvemento de Galicia (IDEGA), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela)

Abstract

La puesta en marcha del Sistema de Autonomía y Atención a la Dependencia ha supuesto la creación de miles de puestos de trabajo durante el periodo 2008-2015. Sin embargo, el empleo generado ha sido significativa¬mente inferior al inicialmente estimado en el Libro Blanco de la Dependencia (Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, 2005), y territorialmente ha mostrado diferencias muy significativas. El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una explicación a ambos hechos. Para ello, se estima el empleo directo bruto generado por el proceso de implantación de la Ley de Promoción de la Autonomía Personal y Atención a las Personas en Situación de Dependencia en cada CC.AA. y se compara con el que potencialmente se podría haber alcanzado combinando dos situaciones hipotéticas. En primer lugar, que no existiesen prestaciones reconocidas y pen¬dientes de provisión efectiva (situación conocida como el limbo de la dependencia) y, en segundo lugar, que el recorte de prestaciones introducido por el Real Decreto-ley 20/2012 no fuese aplicado. Las estimaciones realizadas permiten explicar las divergencias observadas por CC.AA. en relación con el empleo potencial no generado atendiendo a sus posibles causas (las preferencias de los propios dependientes, el efecto reforma y el efecto limbo). Las diferencias observadas entre CC.AA. son muy relevantes y obedecen mayoritariamente a la aplicación y gestión efectiva de la norma en cada territorio por los gobiernos regionales. The implementation of the System of Autonomy and Care for Dependency has led to the creation of thousands of jobs during the period 2008-2015. However, the employment generated has been significantly lower than initially estimated in Libro Blanco de la Dependencia (Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos Sociales, 2005), and territorially it has shown very significant differences. The objective of this article is to offer an explanation to both facts. For that, the gross direct employment generated by the process of implementing the Law for the Promotion of Personal Autonomy and Care for People in Situation of Dependence in each CC.AA. is estimated and it is compared with what could potentially have been achieved by combining two hypothetical situations. First, that there were no benefits recognized and pending of effective provision (situation known as limbo of dependence) and, second, that the cutback introduced by Royal Decree-Law 20/2012 was not applied.

Suggested Citation

  • Fernández Méndez, Diana & Fernández Fernández, Melchor & Meixide Vecino, Alberto, 2019. "La generación real y potencial de empleo de la ley de dependencia: un análisis regional," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 43, pages 83-101.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:invreg:0394
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Social services; employment generation; Dependency Law; limbo effect; reform effect.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H75 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • J18 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Public Policy
    • R59 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Other

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