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Revisiting Roman Economic Growth: Predatory Policies, Self-Sustaining Strategies, and the Limits of Neo-Institutional Economics

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  • Oddo, Luigi

    (Department of Economics and Statistics “Cognetti de Martiis”, University of Turin, Italy)

Abstract

This paper critically examines the traditional perspectives on ancient economic growth, specifically the Malthusian and Smithian viewpoints, which emerged within the framework of Neo Institutional Economics (NIE). By delving into recent literature, the study highlights the limitations of these perspectives in providing a comprehensive understanding of macroeconomic dynamics and empirical evidence in the context of the Roman Empire. The paper argues that sustained economic growth in ancient Rome can be attributed to a hybrid model, combining predatory actions resulting from military conquests and long-term self-sustaining strategies centered around market mechanisms. These findings challenge the predictive power of the NIE approach in accurately capturing the complexities of ancient economic growth. Ripensare la crescita economica del mondo romano: furti, rapine, strategie di crescita endogena, e i limiti dell’approccio neo-istituzionale L’articolo esamina in maniera critica le due interpretazioni dominanti sulla crescita economica del mondo antico, sviluppatesi all’interno del quadro teorico dell’Economia Neo-istituzionale: la prospettiva Malthusiana e quella Smithiana. Mediante un’esplorazione della letteratura più recente, questo studio evidenzia le criticità legate a queste due interpretazioni, soprattutto per quanto riguarda le dinamiche macroeconomiche e le evidenze archeologiche rilevate nel mondo romano. Da questo punto di vista, l’articolo propone una visione più sfumata, che attribuisce la crescita economica sostenuta del mondo romano ad un modello ibrido basato sia su attività predatorie strettamente legate alle politiche di conquista militare, sia ad un’economia di mercato in grado di autosostenersi e riprodursi endogenamente. Queste conclusioni sottolineano le limitazioni dell’approccio neo-istituzionale di cogliere la complessità macroeconomica del mondo antico.

Suggested Citation

  • Oddo, Luigi, 2025. "Revisiting Roman Economic Growth: Predatory Policies, Self-Sustaining Strategies, and the Limits of Neo-Institutional Economics," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 78(1), pages 81-122.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:ecoint:0988
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Roman Empire; Economic Growth; Malthusian Trap; Smithian Growth; Neo Institutional Economics;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N13 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - Europe: Pre-1913
    • N73 - Economic History - - Economic History: Transport, International and Domestic Trade, Energy, and Other Services - - - Europe: Pre-1913
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • P40 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - General

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