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Crédibilité des autorités monétaires et transparence – Quelle complémentarité dans le cas de la Tunisie? Une contribution au débat

Author

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  • Miniaoui, Héla

    (Institut Supérieur de Gestion de Sousse, Tunisie Unité de Recherche en Monnaie, Finance et Banque (URMOFIB))

  • Smida, Mounir

    (Faculté de Droit et des Sciences Économiques et Politiques de Sousse, Tunisie Groupe de Recherche en Monnaie, Finance et Modélisation (FIMOD))

Abstract

According to Goodhart (1993), the independence of the central banks relates rather “to their freedom to undertake monetary operations which, from their point of view, are necessary to achieve their statutary goals (or imposed from outside)”. With its corollary, transparency, this approach was presented as the best means to ensure the credibility of the monetary policy and the stability of the value of the currency. This reform was largely suggested in the literature of expertise on the strategies of monetary policy in developing countries and in Tunisia. Independence would thus be presented in the form of an alternative to the rule (see Friedman’s automatic rule) and would allow the central bank to respond more effectively to the unforeseen shocks without being obnubilated by the real objectives. Relying on the criteria established by theory, this article discusses the experience of the Central Bank of Tunisia on this matter. It raises the difficulty for the monetary authorities in managing both credibility and transparency which are difficult to dissociate (Pollin, 2002). Effectively, monetary policy is applied in a world where information conditions power to a large extent, i.e. the independence of the Central Bank with respect to external influences. Selon Goodhart (1993), l’indépendance des banques centrales se réfère « plutôt à leur liberté d’entreprendre des opérations monétaires qui, de leur point de vue, sont nécessaires pour atteindre leurs objectifs statuaires (ou imposées par l’extérieur) ». Avec son corollaire la transparence, cette approche a été présentée comme le meilleur gage pour assurer la crédibilité de la politique monétaire et la stabilité de la valeur de la monnaie. Cette réforme a été largement suggérée dans la littérature d’expertise sur les stratégies de la politique monétaire dans les pays en voie de développement et en Tunisie. L’indépendance se présenterait ainsi comme alternative à la règle (voir règle automatique de Friedman) et permettrait à la banque centrale de répondre plus efficacement aux chocs imprévus sans être obnubilée par les objectifs réels. Au vu des critères établis par la théorie, l’article présente l’expérience de la Banque Centrale de Tunisie en la matière. Il soulève la difficulté pour les autorités monétaires de gérer le couplet crédibilité-transparence difficilement dissociable (Pollin, 2002). Effectivement, la politique monétaire s’exerce dans un monde où l’information conditionne largement le pouvoir donc l’indépendance de la banque centrale vis-à-vis des influences externes.

Suggested Citation

  • Miniaoui, Héla & Smida, Mounir, 2008. "Crédibilité des autorités monétaires et transparence – Quelle complémentarité dans le cas de la Tunisie? Une contribution au débat," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 84(2), pages 205-234, juin.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:84:y:2008:i:2:p:205-234
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Kadria, Mohamed & Ben Aissa, Mohamed Safouane, 2014. "The inflation targeting policy in Tunisia? Between perception and reality," MPRA Paper 61442, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Abdelkader Aguir, 2018. "Central Bank Credibility, Independence, and Monetary Policy," Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Central bank of Montenegro, vol. 7(3), pages 91-110.
    3. Ngomba Bodi, Francis Ghislain & Tadadjeu Wemba, Dessy-Karl & Soulemanou, Soulemanou, 2020. "Transparence des Banques Centrales et efficacité de la politique monétaire : quelles implications pour la Banque des Etats de l’Afrique Centrale ? [Central Bank's Transparency and effectiveness of ," MPRA Paper 116436, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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