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Écarts salariaux entre francophones et anglophones à Montréal au 19e siècle

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  • Baker, Michael

    (Département d’économie, Université de Toronto)

  • Hamilton, Gillian

    (Département d’économie, Université de Toronto)

Abstract

In this paper we extend the historical record of French-English differences in labour market compensation for Quebec by providing evidence on early 19th century Montreal. Our focus is on the market for apprenticeships. We make use of the detail in apprentice contracts signed between individual masters and apprentices to isolate ethnic differences in compensation. We find evidence of sizable ethnic differences in the composition and level of apprentices' compensation, most of which points to an 'English' premium. We also find some evidence of a decline in the penalty associated with French ethnicity, but this trend reverses direction in the late-1830s. Finally, we show that most of the differences are associated with master's, not apprentice's, ethnicity. Notre étude fournit une perspective historique à la question des écarts de revenus entre francophones et anglophones en retournant loin en arrière, dans le Montréal du début du 19e siècle. Nous avons mis l’accent sur le marché des apprentis. Nous avons utilisé les détails présents dans les contrats signés entre maîtres et apprentis afin d’isoler les différences de rémunération entre ethnies. Nos résultats montrent des écarts ethniques considérables dans la composition et dans le niveau de rémunération. La plupart des résultats indiquent une prime « anglophone ». Nous constatons également un déclin de la pénalité subie par les francophones, mais cette tendance prend une direction opposée vers la fin des années 1830. Finalement, notre étude montre que la plupart des écarts sont associés au groupe ethnique du maître et non à celui de l’apprenti.

Suggested Citation

  • Baker, Michael & Hamilton, Gillian, 2000. "Écarts salariaux entre francophones et anglophones à Montréal au 19e siècle," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 76(1), pages 75-111, mars.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:76:y:2000:i:1:p:75-111
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Galenson, David, 1977. "Immigration and the colonial labor system an analysis of the length of indenture," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 14(4), pages 360-377, November.
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    2. Gagnon, Julien & Geloso, Vincent & Isabelle, Maripier, 2023. "The incubated revolution: Education, cohort effects, and the linguistic wage gap in Quebec during the 20th century," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 327-349.

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