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L’évolution de la structure économique de Montréal 1971-1981 : désindustrialisation ou reconversion?

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  • Lamonde, Pierre

    (I.N.R.S. - Urbanisation)

  • Polèse, Mario

    (I.N.R.S. - Urbanisation)

Abstract

The authors analyse structural changes in the Montreal economy (1971-1981), establishing comparisons with other urban areas in North America, most notably with Toronto and Vancouver. The authors observe that although manufacturing employment has grown more slowly in Montreal than in Toronto, structural change seem more positive in the former. However, as in other urban areas, the central city (the city of Montreal) has been losing manufacturing employment at a rapid rate. Service employment, although growing much more rapidly than manufacturing, has on the other hand been undergoing a "negative" structural change linked to Montreal's shrinking service role within the larger Canadian economy. To the extent that one may speak of a shift in economic functions from Montreal to Toronto, such shifts would seem to be largely concentrated in the service sector. Cet article analyse l’évolution de l’emploi et des structures économiques de la région métropolitaine de Montréal de 1971 à 1981 et établit des comparaisons avec les métropoles nord-américaines, notamment Toronto et Vancouver. Au cours de cette période, l’emploi manufacturier montréalais s’est accru de 7,5 % par comparaison, par exemple, à plus de 13 % pour la région torontoise. La reconversion structurelle des secteurs manufacturiers montréalais est bien amorcée et semble même plus vigoureuse que pour Toronto. Toutefois, dans le cas de la ville de Montréal, les pertes d’emplois manufacturiers sont telles qu’on peut parler de désindustrialisation. Pour sa part, le secteur tertiaire métropolitain, s’il a connu une plus forte croissance globale que le secteur manufacturier, s’est restructuré d’une façon moins favorable. La part relative des activités tertiaires d’exportation a baissé au profit des sous-secteurs desservant un marché régional ou en tous cas limité au Québec. S’il faut parler d’un déplacement de l’activité économique vers Toronto, ce mouvement aurait alors surtout touché le tertiaire moteur.

Suggested Citation

  • Lamonde, Pierre & Polèse, Mario, 1984. "L’évolution de la structure économique de Montréal 1971-1981 : désindustrialisation ou reconversion?," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 60(4), pages 471-494, décembre.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:60:y:1984:i:4:p:471-494
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    1. David Keeble & Peter L. Owens & Chris Thompson, 1983. "The Urban-Rural Manufacturing Shift in the European Community," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 20(4), pages 405-418, November.
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