IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rfh/bbejor/v10y2021i2p198-203.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Do Foreign Remittances Lead To Inclusive Growth In Pakistan?

Author

Listed:
  • AHMED RAZA CHEEMA

    (Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan)

  • AQLEEMA NOOR

    (MPhil Scholar, Department of Economics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan)

  • JABBAR UL-HAQ

    (Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan)

Abstract

Foreign remittances are increasing over time and becoming the main source of earning Foreign Exchange reserves, especially for the developing countries like Pakistan. So, this study explores the impact of Foreign Remittances (FR) on inclusive growth using the pooled data estimated from micro-level data over the period 1998/99–to 2018/19 in Pakistan. For this purpose, the study employs panel data techniques. The results reveal that foreign remittances have statistically significant positive effects on inclusive growth. These results are robust to the inclusion of per capita income, household size, and dependency ratio. There is also a statistically significant positive association between inclusive growth and per capita income. Further, the regional level analysis reveals that these findings are valid in the regions of urban and rural. The policy recommendation is that Government should formulate policies that maximize the inflow of foreign remittance and economic growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmed Raza Cheema & Aqleema Noor & Jabbar Ul-Haq, 2021. "Do Foreign Remittances Lead To Inclusive Growth In Pakistan?," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(2), pages 198-203.
  • Handle: RePEc:rfh:bbejor:v:10:y:2021:i:2:p:198-203
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://bbejournal.com/BBE/article/view/370/88
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://bbejournal.com/BBE/article/view/370
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chen, Shaohua & Ravallion, Martin, 2008. "China is poorer than we thought, but no less successful in the fight against poverty," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4621, The World Bank.
    2. Sebil O Oshota & Abdulazeez A Badejo, 2015. "Impact of Remittances on Economic Growth in Nigeria: Further Evidence," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 35(1), pages 247-258.
    3. Djeneba Doumbia, 2019. "The quest for pro-poor and inclusive growth: the role of governance," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(16), pages 1762-1783, April.
    4. Dollar, David & Kraay, Aart, 2002. "Growth Is Good for the Poor," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 7(3), pages 195-225, September.
    5. Ali, Amjad & Ahmad, Khalil, 2014. "The Impact of Socio-Economic Factors on Life Expectancy for Sultanate of Oman: An Empirical Analysis," MPRA Paper 82500, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2014.
    6. Andrew G. Berg & Jonathan D. Ostry, 2017. "Inequality and Unsustainable Growth: Two Sides of the Same Coin?," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 65(4), pages 792-815, November.
    7. Pernia, Ernesto & Kakwani, Nanak, 2000. "What is Pro-poor Growth?," MPRA Paper 104987, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Giuliano, Paola & Ruiz-Arranz, Marta, 2009. "Remittances, financial development, and growth," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 144-152, September.
    9. Taylor, J. Edward, 1992. "Remittances and inequality reconsidered: Direct, indirect, and intertemporal effects," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 187-208, April.
    10. Ianchovichina, Elena & Lundstrom, Susanna, 2009. "Inclusive growth analytics : framework and application," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4851, The World Bank.
    11. T.K. Jayaraman & Chee-Keong Choong & Ronald Kumar, 2011. "Role of remittances in small Pacific Island economies: an empirical study of Fiji," International Journal of Economics and Business Research, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 3(5), pages 526-542.
    12. Amjad Ali & Marc Audi, 2016. "The Impact of Income Inequality, Environmental Degradation and Globalization on Life Expectancy in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis," International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER), The Economics and Social Development Organization (TESDO), vol. 4(4), pages 182-193, April.
    13. Asif Sajid & Amjad Ali, 2018. "Inclusive Growth and Macroeconomic Situations in South Asia: An Empirical Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 7(3), pages 97-109, September.
    14. Ahmad, Najid & Ahmad, Arslan & Hayat, Muhammad Farhat, 2013. "Foreign Remittances and Economic Growth in Pakistan: An empirical investigation," MPRA Paper 49132, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Ravallion, Martin & Chen, Shaohua, 2003. "Measuring pro-poor growth," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 78(1), pages 93-99, January.
    16. Ifzal Ali & Hyun Hwa Son, 2007. "Measuring Inclusive Growth," Asian Development Review (ADR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 24(01), pages 11-31.
    17. Augustin Kwasi Fosu, 2009. "Inequality and the Impact of Growth on Poverty: Comparative Evidence for Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(5), pages 726-745.
    18. Nanak Kakwani & Ernesto M. Pernia, 2000. "What is Pro-poor Growth?," Asian Development Review (ADR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 18(01), pages 1-16.
    19. Amar Iqbal Anwar & Mazhar Mughal, 2012. "Remittances, inequality and poverty in Pakistan: macro and microeconomic Evidence [Centre d'Analyse Théorique et de Traitement des données économiques REMITTANCES, INEQUALITY AND POVERTY IN PAKISTA," Working papers of CATT hal-01885153, HAL.
    20. Ahmed Raza Cheema & Ahmed Raza Cheema, 2012. "Poverty, Income Inequality, and Growth in Pakistan: A Pooled Regression Analysis," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 17(2), pages 137-157, July-Dec.
    21. Ahmed Raza Cheema & Aqleema Noor & Jabbar Ul-Haq, 2021. "Do Foreign Remittances Lead To Inclusive Growth In Pakistan?," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(2), pages 198-203.
    22. Nanak Kakwani & Hyun H. Son, 2008. "Poverty Equivalent Growth Rate," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 54(4), pages 643-655, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ahmed Raza Cheema & Aqleema Noor & Jabbar Ul-Haq, 2021. "Do Foreign Remittances Lead To Inclusive Growth In Pakistan?," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(2), pages 198-203.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Facundo Alvaredo & Leonardo Gasparini, 2013. "Recent Trends in Inequality and Poverty in Developing Countries," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0151, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    2. Amponsah, Mary & Agbola, Frank W. & Mahmood, Amir, 2023. "The relationship between poverty, income inequality and inclusive growth in Sub-Saharan Africa," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    3. Elena Bárcena‐Martin & Jacques Silber & Yuan Zhang, 2024. "Measures of Relative and Absolute Convergence and Pro‐poor Growth with an Illustration based on China (2010–2018)," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 32(2), pages 1-41, March.
    4. Kraay, Aart, 2004. "When is growth pro-poor? Cross-country evidence," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3225, The World Bank.
    5. Aftab Ahmad, 2020. "Poverty Terrorism Nexus: A Case Study Of Pakistan," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 9(4), pages 162-172, December.
    6. Djeneba Doumbia, 2019. "The quest for pro-poor and inclusive growth: the role of governance," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(16), pages 1762-1783, April.
    7. Ismael Ahamdanech & Carmelo García-Pérez & Mercedes Prieto-Alaiz, 2020. "A Stochastic Dominance Approach to Evaluating Pro-Poor Growth—An Application to the Spanish Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-16, February.
    8. David Madden, 2014. "Winners and Losers on the Roller-Coaster: Ireland, 2003-2011," The Economic and Social Review, Economic and Social Studies, vol. 45(3), pages 405-421.
    9. Amponsah, Mary & Agbola, Frank W. & Mahmood, Amir, 2021. "The impact of informality on inclusive growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does financial inclusion matter?," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 43(6), pages 1259-1286.
    10. Priyabrata Sahoo & Debolina Biswas & Saswata Guha Thakurata, 2023. "Is Growth Pro-poor Among the States of India? A Poverty Decomposition Exercise During the 2000s," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 165(1), pages 107-133, January.
    11. Muhammad Khan & Muhammad Khan & Khalid Zaman & Umar Hassan & Sobia Umar, 2014. "Global estimates of growth–inequality–poverty (GIP) triangle: evidence from World Bank’s classification countries," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 48(5), pages 2631-2646, September.
    12. Kraay, Aart, 2006. "When is growth pro-poor? Evidence from a panel of countries," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(1), pages 198-227, June.
    13. Marek Kośny & Gastón Yalonetzky, 2015. "Relative income change and pro-poor growth," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 32(3), pages 311-327, December.
    14. Shakil Ahmad & Muhammad Waqas Khan, 2021. "Investigating The Effect Of Foreign Direct Investment (Fdi) And Foreign Remittances On Economic Growth In Pakistan (1990-2018): A Time Series Analysis Using Ardl Model Approach," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, March.
    15. Raymundo M. Campos Vázquez & Luis A. Monroy-Gómez-Franco, 2016. "La relación entre crecimiento económico y pobreza en México," Serie documentos de trabajo del Centro de Estudios Económicos 2016-01, El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Económicos.
    16. Marek Kośny, 2012. "Relative Income Changes and an Identification of Growth Pattern," Working Papers 268, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    17. Abdelkrim Araar & Jean‐Yves Duclos & Mathieu Audet & Paul Makdissi, 2009. "Testing For Pro‐Poorness Of Growth, With An Application To Mexico," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 55(4), pages 853-881, December.
    18. Shakil Ahmad & Muhammad Waqas Khan, 2021. "Investigating The Effect Of Foreign Direct Investment (Fdi) And Foreign Remittances On Economic Growth In Pakistan (1990-2018): A Time Series Analysis Using Ardl Model Approach," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(3), pages 1-7, September.
    19. David Woodward & Andrew Simms, 2006. "Growth is Failing the Poor: The Unbalanced Distribution of the Benefits and Costs of Global Economic Growth," Working Papers 20, United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs.
    20. Khalid Zaman & Sadaf Shamsuddin, 2018. "Linear and Non-linear Relationships Between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty in a Panel of Latin America and the Caribbean Countries: A New Evidence of Pro-poor Growth," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 136(2), pages 595-619, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rfh:bbejor:v:10:y:2021:i:2:p:198-203. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Muhammad Irfan Chani (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/rffhlpk.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.