The Role of Self-regulation in Media Concentration in Mongolia: Based on The Network Theory

Free, fair, and independent media are essential for a democracy to function effectively. Media interact with politicians and other powerful members of society, play a significant role as a public watchdog, and serve the public. However, in a free democracy, the media must be held accountable and must be transparent. Journalists must follow specific legal and ethical regulations. Regulations for the media industry are generally divided into three categories- state regulation, independent self-regulation, and co-regulation with participation from civil society. Media Councils make ethical decisions on news coverage and journalistic behaviors by applying the Code of Ethics consisting of professional journalistic standards. It is important to point out that they are independent institutions set up by the media industry. An effective media self-regulation system is essential to promote the pluralism of journalism, diversity, and independent media, as well as to ensure citizens’ rights to seek and receive reliable and credible information. Consequently, they are neither authorities nor courts.This study focuses on the above three kinds of media regulation and their advantages and disadvantages in media concentration. It will also explain the relationship between network theory and media development. Furthermore, it will discuss the advantages of and opportunities for a media self-regulation mechanism in the current media development in Mongolia, based on resolved journalistic cases by the Media Council’s Ethics Committees.