Una aproximación a las habilidades directivas. Perspectiva desde la Administración Autonómica en la Provincia de Córdoba (España)

RESUMEN:Este artículo presenta las conclusiones de una investigación sobre las habilidades directivasen la Administración Autonómica en la provincia de Córdoba. Las habilidades están tomando mayor relevancia en las administraciones públicasy sus directivos y responsables son una pieza clave en el desarrollo en una estrategia que debe articularse en procesos de mejora de la gestión. El inventario de 22 habilidades directivas es una excelente respuesta para hacer frente a los desafíos que la modernización del sector público está exigiendo para ofrecer unos servicios de calidad a los ciudadanos. ABSTRACT: This article presents the findings of an investigation into the managerial skills in the Andalusian Regional Government in the province of Córdoba. The skills are becoming more important in government and their executives and managers are instrumental in developing a strategy that must be articulated process management improvement. 22 inventory management skills is an excellent response to address the challenges that the public sector modernization is demanding to provide quality services to citizens. With these assumptions, it is very interesting approach to the analysis of public sector addressing a rarely studied and valued, such as directives and personal skills. The reality we live in today, with an economic crisis that has put the public sector to intense review, shows the urgent need to address the look and emphasis on having well-trained and able to carry out their work effectively public employees. The study of the literature on managerial skills has made ​​numerous contributions in the sense of establishing a classification that facilitates analysis and understanding. A summary of the main contributions in the study and classification of managerial skills, which provides an approach to the management skills discussed in the literature review is included. Developed field work has focused on the province of Córdoba (Spain), part of the autonomous community of Andalusia and has an extension of 13,770 km2. The population stands at 802,422 inhabitants. The analysis of the provincial economic structure shows that the services sector has been gaining relative importance gradually. The sectoral economic structure reveals a strong dependence of the services sector, which includes the public sector. In the public sector, employment records credited a strength of 44,646 public employees to January 2013, representing 9.49% from the Andalusian government employment and 1.73% on the Spanish total. The Andalusian Regional Government is the one that has greater institutional presence in Córdoba, which means to employ most public employees. Special mention two major areas of competence, such as health and education, which absorb a significant amount of human resources. Methodology. The research objective of this work was conducted through an empirical study focusing on the regional government of the province of Córdoba, which included a significant representation of entities. Regarding the population universe covered all public employees amounting to 23,924 employees. The mode of application of the research was conducted using a structured questionnaire and closed, both on paper and through an online questionnaire, answered alternately depending on the entity. The sample size was 670 polls, of which 84.8% was conducted through questionnaire on paper, and the remaining 15.2% telematic format. In short, represents a sampling error of 3.79%. Regarding the timing of collection of information is developed during the period from September to December 2013. Previously 1 to July 15, 2013, a pretest was conducted at 22 public employees across different institutions and sectors yield findings that improved the wording and possible to corroborate the validity of the survey, although allowed to introduce an additional question. Main results. The results of the investigation show a picture of the status of public employees in the regional administration of the province of Córdoba. Sociological variables relating to gender, age, academic level, marital status, wage levels, union membership and specific training in management skills are presented. The results obtained regarding the professional features a profile of public employee characterized as a staff with over 20 years of age, belonging to "upper" groups and occupying a position of leadership is obtained. The analysis of management skills is conducted on the basis of an inventory of 22 skills critical to the excellent performance of the jobs. Average valuation are presented using a Likert scale, whether in positions of leadership or direction as if subordinate staff. As a first conclusion is that the most valued skill is the ability to learn, both makers and subordinates, followed by collaboration and teamwork to responsible and communication skills to subordinates. Analysis on management skills with management skills that are considered most important by employees of the regional administration in the Province of Córdoba is completed. The results show that the first skill considered most important is leadership, as defined in the research as the ability to influence and support others to work enthusiastically in achieving common goals. It is followed by communication skills, motivation, collaboration and teamwork and problem solving and decision making. In this regard, it is important main leadership ability, so it follows that employees, managers or subordinates, demanding a management style to motivate them, inspire them and orient properly in achieving the objectives of the organization . Which only proves the importance that the development of skills, and leadership, could be the highest level, has for the efficient management of human resources in the Andalusian Regional Government. It also includes the results obtained from the analysis of variance (ANOVA), which is done to check for statistically significant differences between means when we have more than two samples or groups in the same approach. To perform this analysis the level of training is chosen as a classification variable, which is the variable that has split the sample. On the other hand, is chosen as the variable to analyze valuation that management makes about the inventory of the 22 managerial skills that have been considered in the investigation. For the purposes of analysis is taken a confidence level of 95%. The skills that are meaningful relationship are: collaboration and teamwork, personal development, conflict resolution and emotional intelligence (10%) and leadership, creativity, vision development, time management and public appearances (5 %). Conclusions. This article is intended to provide knowledge to draw conclusions on the strategic need to develop human capital from a to value-based management skills, organizational levers deemed true perspective. Registered public employee of the regional administration in the province of Córdoba characterized get: Joint gender, aged between 36 and 55 years old, married, university education, with a wage level between 1,500 and 2,000 euros, significant rate of union membership and specific skills training. Leadership is positioned as the most outstanding ability, to the conclusion that you can get important lessons: public employees prefer to have competent, efficient, and able to motivate them in a common project. Most employees perform a satisfactory assessment of managerial skills, but with a large standard deviation, especially in subordinate employees. This fact shows the existence of managers / responsible highly valued along with other very poorly rated. Employees in positions of responsibility tend to value themselves as they are better than subordinates. The great diversity of entities in the Andalusian Regional Government, integrated into a wide variety of economic and administrative activities (education, health, general administration, research, culture, etc..) Would require a more sectoral analysis to more accurate conclusions, adapted to the nature of the activity or sector in question, which allow comparative studies whose results lead to the establishment of specific policies in sectors such as health or education, of great importance in the regional administration features. This limitation, by itself, offers more possibilities for research that can be sectored contrasted with other more general.