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Multinacionales y difusión de tecnología en clusters agroindustriales: El caso Almeriense

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  • Juan Carlos Pérez Mesa

Abstract

RESUMEN Este trabajo analiza qué factores impulsan y apoyan la difusión tecnológica en los clusters agroindustriales centrándose en el papel de las multinacionales. Este trabajo toma como ejemplo la agrupación que forman, en la provincia de Almería, las empresas productoras y exportadoras de frutas y hortalizas junto con la industria auxiliar de la agricultura. Se detecta que el efecto del clúster no supone la generación de nueva tecnología ya que ésta es genérica y no está adaptada, en la mayoría de los casos, al área. El efecto principal es la difusión tecnológica y, concretamente, la rapidez con que la adopción y el cambio se producen. Sin embargo, la decisión de innovar no es propia del sector sino que viene impuesta de forma exógena por la demanda, que se encarga, junto con el resto de empresas multinacionales, de favorecer la existencia de una oferta tecnológica estándar fácilmente transferible a sus sucursales. ABSTRACT This work analyses the factors that support the dissemination technology in the agro-cluster, focusing on the role of multinationals. This work takes as an example the formed group, in the province of Almeria (Spain), by the fruit and vegetable marketing companies and the auxiliary agriculture industry. We detect that the role of the cluster is not the generation of new technology because it is generic and is not suitable to the area. The main effect, which characterizes the cluster, is technology diffusion and, specifically, how quickly the adoption and change happen. However, the decision to innovate is dictated by exogenous demand.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Carlos Pérez Mesa, 2009. "Multinacionales y difusión de tecnología en clusters agroindustriales: El caso Almeriense," Revista de Estudios Regionales, Universidades Públicas de Andalucía, vol. 3, pages 155-180.
  • Handle: RePEc:rer:articu:v:03:y:2009:p:155-180
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Innovación; Demanda; Cadena de distribución; Comercio; Innovation; Demand; Retailer; Trade;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics

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