Author
Abstract
[eng] On the efficiency of climate policies international coordination. This article analyses the economic efficiency of the international coordination of climate policies acknowledging the long term perspective and political constraints. It questions the economic and political viability of emission trading with respect to market power and dynamic distortions. The latter proves more worrying. While one may reasonably expect national positions being decentralized, the Climate Convention cannot commit on long term emission objectives. As a consequence, there is room for strategic behaviour by governments. Structural public programs, crucial to curb long term emissions, are likely to be scaled down because governments expect post-2012 quotas to be revised according to observed trends. This might jeopardize the climate action and further weaken the political consensus it requires. Are carbon taxes a better policy option? It might be the case provided the tax is levied at the international level, but this option faces political obstacles. A hybrid scheme should realise a good compromise between economic efficiency and political acceptability. [fre] Khalil Helioui De l'efficacité des instruments de coordination internationale des politiques climatiques. Cet article propose une analyse économique de la coordination internationale contre le réchauffement planétaire dans une perspective de long terme intégrant les contraintes politiques. Il s'interroge ainsi sur les risques économiques et politiques auxquels les permis d'émission négociables pourraient être exposés du fait de pouvoirs de marché ou de distorsions dynamiques. Les secondes s'avèrent les plus difficiles à contrôler. Si la déconcentration des positions nationales est envisageable, aucun organisme international ne peut prétendre fixer, une fois pour toutes, les objectifs à long terme. Dès lors, anticipant que le montant des quotas futurs sera toujours ajusté au vu des tendances réelles, beaucoup de pays ne s'engageront pas dans des programmes structurels suffisamment ambitieux. Cela risque de compromettre l'efficacité de l'action climatique et de fragiliser plus encore le consensus qui lui est nécessaire. La solution alternative, la taxation internationale du carbone, ne présente pas de tels défauts d'incitation, mais elle pose des difficultés politiques. Une combinaison des deux instruments pourrait toutefois, à terme, s'avérer fructueuse.
Suggested Citation
Khalil Helioui, 2006.
"De l'efficacité des instruments de coordination internationale des politiques climatiques,"
Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 21(1), pages 207-241.
Handle:
RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_2006_num_21_1_1593
DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.2006.1593
Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.2006.1593
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