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Les relations économie-histoire et le statut scientifique des sciences sociales chez Hicks et Schumpeter

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  • Daniel Dufourt

Abstract

[fre] Le débat sur les formes de la connaissance en économie est périodiquement réactivé par les rencontres entre économistes et historiens. Ces rencontres mettent au jour de manière non moins récurrente la ques- tion fondamentale suivante : la spécificité de l'économie comme science sociale réside-t-elle fondamentalement dans son rapport à l'histoire ? A cet égard, deux thèses s'opposent qui trouvent leur origine dans les œuvres de L.Walras et С Menger. Après avoir rendu compte de deux modes d'analyse historique qui relèvent directement de ces conceptions antagonistes et qu'ont illustrés deux des plus grands économistes contemporains, J. Hicks et J. Schumpeter, nous montrons que ces pratiques scientifiques divergentes trouvent leur source dans une série de problèmes d'ordre épis- témologique non résolus à ce jour. [eng] What is the specificity of economics as a social science? The recurring encounters between economists and historians suggest that the answer is still very debatable. Two major theoretical achievements, those of L.Walras and С Menger, show that they adopt opposing views on this question. The great historical investigations proposed by J. Hicks and J. Schumpeter allow us to understand the profond divergences of both scientifical practice. It is suggested that these divergences owe to, still unresolved epistemological problems concerning the mode of reasoning in economics.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Dufourt, 1992. "Les relations économie-histoire et le statut scientifique des sciences sociales chez Hicks et Schumpeter," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 7(1), pages 167-214.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1992_num_7_1_1304
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1992.1304
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1992.1304
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    1. Daniel Dufourt, 1993. "L'économie politique," Post-Print halshs-01273102, HAL.

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