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Condillac face à la physiocratie. Terre, valeur et répartition

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  • Arnaud Orain

Abstract

[fre] L'abbé de Condillac, célèbre au XVIIIe siècle par le renouvellement qu'il apporta à la philosophie, rédigea également, à la fin de sa vie, un ouvrage d'économie politique. Dans celui-ci, il s'attache à établir la détermination subjective de la valeur tout en semblant souscrire, par le statut accordé à la terre, au principe de la productivité exclusive de l'agriculture. Depuis, Condillac fut souvent dépeint sous les traits d'un physiocrate dissident ou d'un « économiste sensualiste » à la manière de Turgot. Pour autant, la théorie de la valeur-utilité radicale qu'il met en œuvre devait conduire à réévaluer la place de la terre, l'économie condillacienne évoquant alors un modèle d'échange généralisé, dans lequel des facteurs de production sont rémunérés en fonction de la concurrence régnant sur les marchés. [eng] Condillac and the physiocrats: land, value and distribution. . Condillac was famous in the 18th century for the breath of fresh air he brought to philosophy. At the end of his life, he also wrote a book on political economy in which he tries to show the subjective nature of value assessment; whilst at the same time appearing to subscribe, via the status accorded to land, to the principle of the exclusive productivity of agriculture. Since then, Condillac has often been portrayed as a sort of dissident physiocrat, or a sort of "sensualist" economist in the Turgot mould. However, his radical value-utility theory was to lead to a reassessment of the place of land, with the economy à la Condillac proposing a generalised exchange model, in which the factors of production are remunerated according to competition prevailing in their markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Arnaud Orain, 2002. "Condillac face à la physiocratie. Terre, valeur et répartition," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 53(5), pages 1075-1099.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_2002_num_53_5_410460
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.2002.410460
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.2002.410460
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    Cited by:

    1. Arnaud Orain, 2006. "« Équilibre » et fiscalité au Siècle des lumières. L'économie politique de Jean-Joseph Graslin," Revue économique, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 57(5), pages 955-981.
    2. Arnaud Orain, 2003. "Decline and progress: the economic agent in Condillac's theory of history," The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(3), pages 379-407.

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