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L'Union européenne et sa périphérie. Conséquences de l'intégration commerciale de l'Europe centrale

Author

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  • Agnès Chevallier
  • Françoise Lemoine
  • Laurence Nayman

Abstract

[fre] Les pays de la périphérie est et sud de l'Union européenne réalisent avec celle-ci l'essentiel de leurs échanges commerciaux. La réémergence des pays d'Europe centrale et orientale dans le commerce de l'Union européenne depuis dix ans s'est traduite par une forte progression de leurs exportations, mais celle-ci ne s'est pas faite au détriment des pays du Sud de la Méditerranée. La structure de leurs exportations est suffisamment différente pour limiter la concurrence entre les deux zones à certains secteurs précis comme le textile. Par ailleurs, l'Allemagne et la France ont conservé l'orientation privilégiée de leurs relations, la première vers les pays d'Europe centrale, la seconde vers les pays méditerranéens, et ce partage des rôles concourt à maintenir l'équilibre des relations de l'Union avec ses voisins. Cependant, l'élargissement de l'Union européenne à l'Est tel qu'il est désormais engagé va sans doute accentuer l'hétérogénéité des pays périphériques. [eng] Central and eastern European countries and Mediterranean ones are heavily dependant on their trade with the European Union. Central and eastern Europe has been rapidly expanding in EU foreign trade for ten years but its strong export performance has not been achieved at the expense of Mediterranean countries. This can be explained by their relatively different specialisation patterns which limit the competition between southern and eastern neighbours to specific sectors, such as clothing. Furthermore, while German trade and investment have favoured the neighbour countries of Central Europe, French trade provides evidence of the resilience of traditional links with Mediterranean countries. The two countries thus play a central role in maintaining a balance in the EU relations with its neighbours. However, the Eastern enlargement may contribute to deepen differences among peripherical countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnès Chevallier & Françoise Lemoine & Laurence Nayman, 1999. "L'Union européenne et sa périphérie. Conséquences de l'intégration commerciale de l'Europe centrale," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 50(6), pages 1169-1184.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1999_num_50_6_410138
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1999.410138
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1999.410138
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