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Progrès technique, emploi et exclusion du marché du travail

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  • Pierre Cahuc
  • Pierre Granier
  • Fabien Postel-Vinay

Abstract

[fre] Progrès technique, emploi et exclusion du marché du travail. . Cet article étudie l'impact de la croissance sur l'emploi, le chômage et l'exclusion du marché du travail dans un cadre où les chômeurs subissent des pertes de capital humain relativement aux travailleurs employés, de telle sorte que, s'ils dépassent une certaine ancienneté dans le chômage, ils peuvent devenir inemployables. Les interdépendances entre le processus de déclassement des chômeurs et les décisions de créations d'emplois peuvent entraîner l'existence d'équilibres multiples. En outre, l'impact d'une augmentation du taux de croissance sur l'exclusion et l'emploi dépend de la valeur du taux de croissance. Une croissance plus élevée accentue l'exclusion et diminue l'emploi pour des faibles taux de croissance, mais atténue l'exclusion et accroît l'emploi lorsque le taux de croissance est lui-même suffisamment élevé. [eng] Growth, unemployment and poverty. . This paper is devoted to the analysis of the consequences of growth on employment and exclusion from the labor market in a framework in which unemployed workers loss human capital relative to the employed one. In such a framework, long-term unemployed have a too low relative productivity to be hired: They are excluded from labor force. It is shown that this exclusion mechanism can entail multiple equilibria and that economic growth has an ambiguous impact on unemployment and exclusion. A growth rate increase raises the share of excluded individuals and diminishes the employment rate, if the growth rate is sufficiently low, but has opposite effects if the growth rate is high.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Cahuc & Pierre Granier & Fabien Postel-Vinay, 1999. "Progrès technique, emploi et exclusion du marché du travail," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 50(3), pages 405-415.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1999_num_50_3_410085
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