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Intégration économique, migrations et chômage

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  • Manon Domingues Dos Santos

Abstract

[fre] Cet article étudie l'impact de la migration de la main-d'œuvre sur les taux de chômage locaux, sur le niveau général du chômage et sur le bien-être, lorsque les salaires sont négociés au sein de chaque entreprise. On considère deux régions dont le marché des biens est parfaitement intégré et concurrentiel. Ces régions se distinguent par la taille de leur population active, la productivité du travail, le pouvoir de négociation des salariés et le taux de recouvrement des allocations de chômage. Il est montré que la libre mobilité de la main-d'œuvre n'exclut pas une persistance de différentiels de taux de chômage. Les migrations peuvent aussi induire une diminution ou une augmentation du niveau général du chômage d'équilibre et accroître l'impact d'un choc technologique permanent sur celui-ci. De plus, si l'impact de l'ouverture des frontières sur le bien-être social reste condi­tionné par la valeur des paramètres, il est montré que la libre mobilité de la main-d'œuvre accroît, de façon univoque, le bien-être des agents les plus défavorisés. [eng] The aim of this article is to study the impact of labour migration on unemploy­ment rates differentials, on the aggregate level of unemployment and welfare, when wages are negotiated at the firm level. We considera two-region model. The good market is supposed to be perfectly integrated and competitive. The two regions differ about labour force level, labour productivity, workers' bargaining power and replacement ratio. It is shown that labour migration do not exclude persistant unemployment rates differentials. Moreover, labour mobility can increase or decrease the general level of unemployment at the equilibrium and increase the impact of a permanent technological shock on it. Futhermore, if the impact of labour mobility on social welfare depends on parameters, it always induces an increase in the welfare of the most disadvantaged people.

Suggested Citation

  • Manon Domingues Dos Santos, 1998. "Intégration économique, migrations et chômage," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 49(5), pages 1269-1292.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1998_num_49_5_410042
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1998.410042
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1998.410042
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    Cited by:

    1. Manon Domingues Dos Dantos, 1999. "Le pouvoir équilibrant de l'émigration," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 14(3), pages 91-128.
    2. Raquel Fonseca, 2003. "On the Interaction between Unemployment and Inter-regional Mobility," CSEF Working Papers 105, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.

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