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Inflation et stabilisation en France 1919-1928

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  • Jean-Claude Debeir

Abstract

[fre] Après la première guerre mondiale, l'inflation française se développe aussi bien dans le cadre national, qu'international. La part considérable des Bons de la Défense nationale dans le portefeuille des banques (87 % pour les banques de dépôts) est la contrepartie la plus importante de la création monétaire de celles-ci jusqu'en 1923, cette part diminue relativement ensuite. Après cette date, s'ajoutent les crédits de spéculation sur les changes et les crédits à l'économie. Si l'attitude des banquiers quant à l'inflation semble assez réservée, celle des industriels apparaît généralement comme plutôt favorable, en particulier dans la sidérurgie où les possibilités massives d'exportation leur donnaient les moyens de profiter de la dépréciation des changes. A cet égard, les pressions qu'ils exerçaient en faveur de la dépréciation, leur permettaient de conserver cet avantage. Le retournement de la conjoncture mondiale des prix en 1925, se traduisit par une grave accéléra­tion de la chute du franc, et l'ensemble — ou presque — des hommes d'affaires se rassemble, en 1926, en faveur de la stabilisation. [eng] favour of the fall enabled them to keep up tins davantage. In 1925 the reversal that occurred in the world price conjuncture showed a hastening fall of the franc. In 1926 all the businessmen — or almost — then met in the party in favour of stabilisation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Claude Debeir, 1980. "Inflation et stabilisation en France 1919-1928," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 31(4), pages 622-647.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1980_num_31_4_408546
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1980.408546
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1980.408546
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    Cited by:

    1. Muriel Dal-Pont Legrand & Dominique Torre, 2014. "Pierre Quesnay (1895-1937) from the League of Nations to the Franc Poincaré: Financial Discipline and Monetary Pragmatism," GREDEG Working Papers 2014-43, Groupe de REcherche en Droit, Economie, Gestion (GREDEG CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur, France.

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