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L'analyse coûts - avantages et la préparation des décisions publiques

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  • Henri Guillaume

Abstract

[fre] L'objet de cet article est d'étudier sur le plan de la théorie économique les fondements et les limites de l'analyse coûts-avantages.. Dans une première partie, l'auteur rappelle les liens qui unissent l'analyse coûts-avantages et la théorie du bien-être. La seconde partie de cet article est consacrée à l'examen de l'impact de la théorie de l'optimum de second rang sur la recherche de critères de choix collectifs décentralisés. Les conclusions de cette théorie conduisent à abandonner la formulation traditionnelle de l'optimum parétien au profit d'un modèle d'équilibre général en valeur où l'Etat intervient en tant que centre de décision autonome. Cette nouvelle orientation a deux conséquences importantes sur la pratique du calcul économique public :. — les prix du marché ne reflètent plus obligatoirement la valeur sociale des biens et services ;. — il est nécessaire d'ajouter au bilan coûts-avantages un terme correctif tradui­sant l'influence des contraintes de politique économique. A titre d'illustration, l'auteur utilise les travaux de R. Guesnerie et P. Malgrange pour introduire des arguments macro-économiques dans l'expression du surplus collectif. [eng] The purpose of this article is to study on économie, theoretical basis, thé foundations and the limits of cost-benefit analysis.. In the first part, the writer recalls the links between cost-benefit analysis and the welfare theory.The second part of this article deals with the examination of the impact ot the second best theory of the search for criteria of decentralized collective choices. The conclusions of this theory lead to the abandonment of the traditional formulation of Parer optimum in favour of a model of general equilibrium value where the State intervenes in its capacity as autonomous decision center. This new orientation has two important consequences as far the practice of public economic calculation in concurred :. ― the market prices necesseraly reflect the social value of goods and services ;. ― it is necessary to add to the cost-benefit balance sheet a term which will rectify and translate the influence of the economic political restraints. To illustrate the point, the writer makes use of R. Guesnerie and P. Malgrange's works to introduce some macro-economic arguments in the expression of the collective surplus.

Suggested Citation

  • Henri Guillaume, 1972. "L'analyse coûts - avantages et la préparation des décisions publiques," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 23(3), pages 358-409.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1972_num_23_3_408029
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1972.408029
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1972.408029
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    Cited by:

    1. Vivien Lévy-Garboua, 1975. "L'analyse de surplus appliquée," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 26(6), pages 987-1003.

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