L'exode des cerveaux

[fre] A portion of the « qualified engineers, scientists and qualified technicians » participating in international migrations are employed in Research and Development. Any analysis of the causes of this component of the Brain-drain or prediction of its evolution must take account of international transfers of scientific and technical « innovations ». In the countries of destination of these qualified engineers, scientists and technicians (in particular the United-States) not only are their salaries. [eng] A portion of the « qualified engineers, scientists and qualified technicians » participating in international migrations are employed in Research and Development. Any analysis of the causes of this component of the Brain-drain or prediction of its evolution must take account of international transfers of scientific and technical « innovations ». In the countries of destination of these qualified engineers, scientists and technicians (in particular the United-States) not only are their salaries highest but also their « innovative output » per unit of time is greatest. Consequently we believe that there is not necessarily any tendancy in a dynamic content tor these movements to decline and eventually cease. The causes of these migrations tend to be self-reinorcing, due to the fact that parallel to them but in the opposite direction then occur international transfers of innovations. As a result international migrations of scientific personal may remain constant or even increase in their intensity while remaining one-way in their direction.