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Les contraintes de l'environnement extérieur : le mécanisme de l'euro-dollar

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  • Robert Carvallo

Abstract

[fre] La première partie de la note analyse sur un plan théorique la nature et la signification du marché de l'euro-dollar. Elle discute l'existence de phénomènes de création monétaire, la « transformation » par les euro-banques et les risques qui pèsent sur la liquidité du système.. La deuxième partie de la note comporte une description statistique des flux de fonds observés. Elle s'efforce de mettre en lumière les relations complexes qui existent à cet égard entre la masse des euro-dollars et la masse des exigibilités extérieures des Etats-Unis (U.S. liquid liabilities to foreigners). Elle aboutit à donner une évaluation du « multiplicateur monétaire » mis en jeu.. La troisième partie analyse enfin les conséquences qui résultent de l'existence de l'euromarché sur la gestion des marchés monétaires nationaux. Elle expose notamment les données du problème de l'interdépendance des taux et met en relief les conditions dans lesquelles, à l'intérieur de certaines limites, une disso­ciation des taux nationaux et de ceux de l'euro-dollar est possible.. Il convient de souligner que cette note, élaborée à l'attention de la Commission du Financement du VIe Plan, a été rédigée en janvier-février 1970. Elle ne rend donc pas compte des phénomènes observés en 1970 : baisse des taux, contraction des engagements des banques américaines. Il ne semble cependant pas que ces développements récents aient fait apparaître des éléments de nature à infirmer les idées exposées. [eng] In the first part of the memorandum, the nature and the significance of the Eurodollar market is analysed from a theoretical point of view. The debate bears upon thé existence of money creation phenomenous, the « transformation » through banks dealing in eurodollars and the dangers threatening the liquidity of this System.. The second part is a statistical description of the observed fund movements. It aims at bringing out the intricated connections in this respect between the bulk of eurodollars and the bulk of the U.S. liquid liabilities to foreigners. It leads to estimate the money multiplier at work in the System.. The third part is an analysis of the consequences arising from the existence of the Eurodollar market upon the management of the home money markets. It sets forth the condition allowing, within limits, to dissociate home rates from rates or the Eurodollar market.. We have to emphasize the fact that this memorandum, made up for the Committee of Financial Policy for the 6th Plan, was written in January and February 1970. Therefore it does not account for the events of 1970 : lowering of the rates, contraction of the U.S. banks liabilities. It doesn't seem however that these events brought out facts that could invalidate the thesis set forth in the mémorandum.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Carvallo, 1971. "Les contraintes de l'environnement extérieur : le mécanisme de l'euro-dollar," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 22(4), pages 613-656.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1971_num_22_4_407982
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1971.407982
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1971.407982
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