Author
Listed:
- Ronald G. Bodkin
- Ellen Richardson
Abstract
[fre] Le glissement des salaires, c'est-à-dire la différence entre le salaire que touchent effectivement les travailleurs (gains de salaire) et leur salaire négocié (taux de salaire) est un phénomène dont on ne s'est guère préoccupé jusqu'à présent aux Etats-Unis. Le présent article a pour but d'examiner quelques-unes des théories du glissement des salaires par rapport à l'économie américaine de la période 1953-1957 et de savoir si les variables qui influent sur le glissement des salaires aux Etats-Unis sont différentes des facteurs qui influencent ce glissement dans les pays où la négociation des salaires a lieu au niveau national. Les explications que l'on a proposé du glissement des salaires dans les pays d'Europe mettent l'accent sur divers facteurs : excès de la demande de travail ; productivité du travail ; montant de la variation antérieure des taux de salaire négociés ; niveau des profits. Il apparaît qu'aux Etats-Unis, de 1953 à 1957, il y a eu une forte relation positive entre le nombre d'heures de travail et le glissement des salaires, et que le niveau de la productivité est également une variable significative ; par contre, les changements antérieurs des taux de salaire ont une influence négligeable, ainsi que les variations des prix à la consommation et le taux de chômage. Bien que cette analyse soit trop limitée pour . en tirer des conclusions définitives, il apparaît que malgré les différences apparentes entre les systèmes de négociation des salaires aux Etats-Unis et dans de nombreux pays européens, les facteurs qui influent sur le glissement des salaires sont identiques sur les deux continents. [eng] Wage drift, i.e. the difference berween what workers are actually paid (wage earnings) and what one would expect them to be paid on the basis of their negotiated contracts (wage rates) is a phenomenon which has generally been disregarded in the United States. The present study is concerned with inves-tigating some of the theories of wage drift with reference to the economy of the United States from 1953 to 1957 and focusing on the issue of whether the variables influencing wage drift in the United States differ from those influences affecting the drift in countries with centralized wage negotiations. The explana-tions of wage drift that have been put forward in European countries emphasize various factors : excess demand for labour, labour productivity, previens change in negotiated rates, level of profits. In the U.S. from 1953 to 1957, there appears to have been a strong positive relationship between the number of hours worked and the wage drift, and the level of productivity also proves to be a signiflcant variable. However, the previens change in wage rates appears to have a negligible influence, and so do the consumer price change variable and the unemployment rate. Although this study is too limited to allow one to draw definitive conclusions, and despite the apparent differences in the wage negotiation Systems of the U.S. and of many European countries, the forces influencing wage drift in both areas appear to be the same.
Suggested Citation
Ronald G. Bodkin & Ellen Richardson, 1970.
"Le glissement des salaires aux Etats-Unis de 1953 à 1957,"
Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 21(5), pages 735-756.
Handle:
RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1970_num_21_5_407938
DOI: 10.3406/reco.1970.407938
Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1970.407938
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